Gif xp260n

A retrospective analysis of upper gastrointestinal endoscope damage and repair costs between April 2012 and May 2019 was performed at Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, an outpatient clinic specializingd in endoscopy. This study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Hattori Clinic
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. All clinical investigations were conducted according to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki.
At the time of analysis, the following upper gastrointestinal endoscopes were in use: Olympus GIF-H260, GIF-XP260N, GIF-HQ290, GIF-H290Z, and GIF-XP290N. Data on repair costs were obtained from the archive of the invoices of gastrointestinal endoscope repairs and were then compared to the invoice copies from the service company (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).

Anesthesia was induced with intramuscular injection of a mixture of 1 mg ketamine and Sumianxin II for each pig. Anesthesia was maintained with Phenobarbital when needed by 1 mg prn. The dose was adjusted according to the depth of anesthesia. Trachea cannula was inserted when the eyelash reflex ceased.
The minipigs were examined using endoscopy (GIF-2T200 and GIF-XP-260N; Olympus Medical Systems Corp, Tokyo, Japan) to determine the distance from esophageal orifice to the incisor tooth and the distance from the cardia dentate line to the incisor tooth. Oropharyngeal electrode was implanted in the esophageal orifice to monitor pharynx pH using the Restech Dx-pH system (Restech Company, San Diego, CA, USA). The distal esophagus electrode was implanted 5 cm above the cardia dentate line to monitor esophagus pH using the Sandhill system (Sandhill Z07-2000B-B monitor; Sandhill Scientific, Highlands Ranch, CO, USA). Endoscope was used to determine the success of implanting electrode. After baseline pH was monitored for 4 hours, the laryngohypopharynx mucosa specimens were immediately excised and fixed in 4% formaldehyde solution for electron microscope examination. All the pH monitoring data were analyzed by the manufacturer’s software.

Gastroenterologists experienced in transnasal esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed each endoscopic swallowing evaluation along with a speech therapist. The degree of dysphagia was evaluated using the Hyodo-Komagane score which ranges from 0 to 12 and was scored as mild (0 to 3), moderate (4 to 7), or severe (8 to 12) (Table 1).6 (link),7 (link) The patients underwent the endoscopic swallowing evaluation while sitting in a chair or sitting up in bed. Two minutes before the insertion of the endoscope, 0.2 to 0.5 mL of 4% lidocaine was applied to the nasal cavities of the patient as a nasal spray. An Olympus endoscope (model #GIF-XP260N) was used; this endoscope is a forward-viewing upper gastrointestinal videoscope with an ultra-miniature, resolution charged-coupled device with a 120 degrees field of view. The insertion diameter is 5.5 mm, and the videoscope has a tip deflection capability of 210 degrees/120 degrees up/down in a single plane. The lubricated endoscope was passed transnasally, typically on the floor of the nose, to obtain a superior view of the hypopharynx. The endoscope was moved between swallowing and the postswallow position to collect the data as described.7 (link),8 Images of the oropharynx and larynx were displayed on a monitor and recorded on the digital video recorder (model #HVO-3300MT: Olympus).