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5 protocols using v8879

1

Organoid Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Evaluation

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Organoids were subsequently treated after 7 days of culture. Chemotherapies included cisplatin (1, 10, 100 µM) (232120, Sigma Aldrich), doxorubicin (0.1, 1, 10 µM) (S1208, Selleckchem), vincristine (0.1, 1, 10 µM) (V8879 Sigma Aldrich), doxorubicin with cisplatin (0.1/1, 1/10, 10/100 µM), cisplatin with etoposide (S1125, Selleckchem) (1/0.1, 10/1, 100/10 µM) (Selleckchem), and doxorubicin with vincristine (0.1/0.1, 1/1, 10/10 µM). For immunotherapy treatment, 100 nM of pembrolizumab (A2002, Selleckchem), ipilimumab (A2001, Selleckchem) or nivolumab (A2005, Selleckchem) was used on both iPTOs and PTOs in parallel treatments. Media was removed from the wells and drug solutions mixed in culture media were added. Organoids remained in treated media solution for 72 h prior to endpoint viability assessment.
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2

Tubulin Polymerization Dynamics Assay

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25μg of MAP-rich tubulin (Cytoskeleton, Inc.; #ML116) in general tubulin buffer (80mM PIPES, pH 6.9/ 2mM MgCl2/ 0.5mM EGTA/10μM fluorescence reporter) (Cytoskeleton, Inc.; #BP01) was combined with 1mM GTP, 15% tubulin glycerol cushion buffer (Cytoskeleton, Inc.; # BPST05-001) and the indicated concentrations of rigosertib (obtained from either Selleckchem [chemical grade] or Onconova Therapeutics, Inc. [pharmaceutical grade]), ON01500 (Reddy et al., 2011 (link)), and vincristine (Sigma-Aldrich; #V8879). All compounds were dissolved in DMSO and used as 25X stock solutions. The reactions were incubated at 37°C in a Synergy H1 Multi-mode Hybrid Reader (BioTek) and fluorescence measured every 30 s over the indicated period of time. Fluorescence values were normalized by subtracting the points obtained at the start of polymerization for each reaction from all subsequent data points.
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3

Evaluating Anticancer Effects of Phytochemicals

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Compounds evaluated were Ga (G7384), methyl gallate (274194), Myr (M6760), myricitrin (91255), quercetin (Q4951), quercitrin (Q3001), and fisetin (F4043) from Sigma-Aldrich© (St. Louis, MO, USA) (HPLC-grade). Control drugs were paclitaxel (5 µg/mL in cells; T7402, Sigma®), vincristine (20 µg/mL in cells; V8879, Sigma®, St. Louis, MO, USA), and carboplatin (50 mg/kg/3 alternating days/week in mice; C2538, Sigma®, St. Louis, MO, USA); all drugs are chemotherapeutic agents used in treatment against ovarian cancer. Vehicle controls were 1× PBS (100 µL/day in animals) or 0.5% DMSO-1X PBS (v/v in cells; D2650, Sigma®, St. Louis, MO, USA). Additional use of equipment and reagents are indicated in the text.
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4

Vincristine Treatment Protocol

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Cultures were treated by replacing half the media volume with either 0.02 µM or 1 µM vincristine (Sigma Aldrich v8879) diluted in culture media. In control conditions, half of the media volume was replaced with fresh media with <0.1% DMSO. After four hours of vincristine exposure, chambers were fixed, following the protocol described above, and analyzed.
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5

Tubulin Polymerization Assay

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Chemicals were tested in a commercially available cell-free biochemical assay (BK011P, Cytoskeleton, Inc). Briefly, control and experimental solutions were prepared and loaded in duplicate into a warm (37 °C) 96-well plate. A solution of purified tubulin and a fluorescent reporter were added to the wells containing the warm substances and placed into a prewarmed (37 °C) Biotek Synergy HT microplate reader where fluorescence was measured every minute for 60 min. Equimolar doses of paclitaxel (included in kit) and vincristine (V8879, Sigma-Aldrich) were included as positive and negative modulators of tubulin polymerization, respectively.
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