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Tumor necrosis factor α tnf α

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Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation. It is primarily secreted by activated macrophages and is a member of a group of cytokines that stimulate the acute phase reaction. TNF-α is a key mediator of the inflammatory response and plays a central role in a wide variety of biological processes.

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Lab products found in correlation

Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Triton x 100, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Dharmafect 1 transfection reagent, by Horizon Discovery (1 mentions) Ku55933, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Detroit 562, by American Type Culture Collection (1 mentions) On targetplus non targeting sirna 1, by Horizon Discovery (1 mentions) Lipopolysaccharide lps, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dulbecco s modified eagle medium dmem, by Lonza (1 mentions) Trypsin edta, by Lonza (1 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Lonza (1 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline ph 7, by Lonza (1 mentions) 3 4 5dimethylthiazol 2 yl 2 5 diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide mtt, by AppliChem (1 mentions) Kyse510, by National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (1 mentions) Het 1a, by National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (1 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Sartorius (1 mentions) Anti c fos, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions) Cisplatin ddp, by Selleck Chemicals (1 mentions) Anti ki67, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions) Anti nf κb, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions) Anti cd31, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions)

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TNF-α (744 citations) TNF (43 citations) α-factor (30 citations) Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (14 citations) Tumor necrosis factor-α (11 citations)

16 protocols using tumor necrosis factor α tnf α

1

Unfolded Protein Response Pathway Modulation

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The human oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines FaDu and Detroit562 were purchased from the ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured in MEM containing 10% inactivated FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin.
On‐TargetPlus SMARTpool siRNA for PERK, IRE‐1, ATF‐6, eIF2α and ONTARGETplus non‐targeting siRNA #1 were purchased from Dharmacon (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). The cells were transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) using the DharmaFECT 1 transfection reagent from Dharmacon (Boulder, CO, USA).
The ataxia‐telangiectasia‐mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitor KU55933 and the NF‐κB activator tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) were purchased from Sigma (Sigma Chemical, St Louis, MO, USA).
Qiao Q., Sun C., Han C., Han N., Zhang M, & Li G. (2017). Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway PERK‐eIF2α confers radioresistance in oropharyngeal carcinoma by activating NF‐κB. Cancer Science, 108(7), 1421-1431.
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2

Lentiviral Transduction Titer Assay

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To package the LGM2 construct, HEK293T cells were transfected with 10 μg of the plasmid along with the helper plasmids pMDLg/pRRE, pcDNA3 IVS VSV-G, and pRSV-Rev as described previously and harvested (Dull et al, 1998 (link)). Harvested lentivirus was concentrated by ultracentrifugation to yield between 107 and 108 infectious units/ml. To titer, 105 Jurkat cells per well were infected with a range of concentrated virus doses, and 6 days post-infection, gene expression was stimulated with 20 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, Sigma-Aldrich). After stimulation for 18 h, GFP expression was measured by flow cytometry, and titering curves were constructed by determining the percentages of cells that exhibited GFP fluorescence greater than background levels.
Dey S.S., Foley J.E., Limsirichai P., Schaffer D.V, & Arkin A.P. (2015). Orthogonal control of expression mean and variance by epigenetic features at different genomic loci. Molecular Systems Biology, 11(5), 806.
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3

Cell Culture Reagents and Antibodies

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Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), trypsin-EDTA and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) pH 7.4 were obtained from Lonza (Basel, Switzerland); Xanthine and 3-(4,5dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) were purchased from Applichem (Inc, USA); Xanthine oxidase and Protease inhibitor cocktail Kit from MP Biomedical (Germany); Matrigel and cell culture inserts were purchased from BD Biosciences (Bedford, MA); Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). Rabbit polyclonal antibodies against MMP-9 and MMP-2 was purchased from Epitomics (Burlingame, U.S.A.). Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated (HRP) goat anti-mouse and anti-rabbit IgG antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA). Western Chemiluminescent HRP substrate kit and Centrifugal filter Units (Amicon Ultra 10 K) was obtained from Millipore (Burlington, MA).
Arcone R., Palma M., Pagliara V., Graziani G., Masullo M, & Nardone G. (2016). Green tea polyphenols affect invasiveness of human gastric MKN-28 cells by inhibition of LPS or TNF-α induced Matrix Metalloproteinase-9/2. Biochimie Open, 3, 56-63.
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4

ESCC Cell Lines and Antibody Acquisition

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PT and Cisplatin (DDP) were purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Anti-CD31, anti-Ki67, anti-c-Fos, anti-c-Jun, and anti-NF-κB antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Anti-VEGF and anti-GAPDH antibodies were obtained from Abclonal Technology (Wuhan, Hubei, China). The human ESCC lines–Eca109, KYSE-510 and human esophageal epithelial cells Het-1A were purchased from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were obtained from Xiangya Central Experiment Laboratory. The cells were cultured at 37°C in a 5% CO2 incubator using Roswell Park Memorial Institute‐1640 (RPMI‐1640, Basal Media, China) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Biological Industries, Israel), 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin.
Tian B., Xiao Y., Ma J., Ou W., Wang H., Wu J., Tang J., Zhang B., Liao X., Yang D., Wu Z., Li X., Zhou Y., Su M, & Wang W. (2020). Parthenolide Inhibits Angiogenesis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Suppression of VEGF. OncoTargets and therapy, 13, 7447-7458.
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5

TNFα Sourcing Protocol

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Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) was obtained from Sigma (Ireland).
Nguyen L.K., Cavadas M.A., Kholodenko B.N., Frank T.D, & Cheong A. (2015). Species differential regulation of COX2 can be described by an NFκB-dependent logic AND gate. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 72(12), 2431-2443.
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6

Photodynamic Therapy with TiO2 Nanoparticles

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and Chlorin e6 (Ce6) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CpG oligonucleotide (ODN) and FITC-labeled CpG were purchased from Invivogen. 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) and 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. 4ʹ,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole was obtained from Beyotime Biotechnology. Anti-PD-L1 (aPd-L1), anti-CD11c and anti-CD86 antibodies were purchased from Invivogen. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. For cell culture, RPMI-1640, DMEM, trypsin-EDTA, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Invivogen. All ELISA Kit was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals were of analytical grade and no further purification was required.
Lin X., Huang R., Huang Y., Wang K., Li H., Bao Y., Wu C., Zhang Y., Tian X, & Wang X. (2021). Nanosonosensitizer-Augmented Sonodynamic Therapy Combined with Checkpoint Blockade for Cancer Immunotherapy. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 16, 1889-1899.
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7

HUVEC Culture and Treatments

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Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) obtained from Lonza (Walkersville, MD, USA) were cultured at 37 °C in 5% CO2. Cells were grown in EGM-2 supplemented medium (Lonza). Experiments were performed between passages two and five and with cells 70% to 80% confluent. Treatments with adenosine-2′,3′-dialdehyde (ADA; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were performed for 48 h at 20 μM as previously optimized [54 (link)]. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) treatments (10 ng/mL; Sigma) were performed for 24 h.
da Silva I.V., Barroso M., Moura T., Castro R, & Soveral G. (2018). Endothelial Aquaporins and Hypomethylation: Potential Implications for Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(1), 130.
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8

Propagation and Stimulation of PRRSV

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Marc-145 cells, PK-15-CD163 cells and HEK293 cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified eagle media (DMEM, Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% heated-inactivated fetal calf serum (FBS), 100 U/mL penicillin, 10 μg/mL streptomycin sulfate at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator. PK-15-CD163 cells, a porcine kidney cell line stably expressing the receptor CD163 of PRRSV, were gifts of Dr. En-min Zhou (Northwest A&F University, China) (Wang et al., 2013 (link)). The WUH3 strain of PRRSV (Li et al., 2009 (link)), which was isolated from the brains of pigs that contracted the “high fever” syndrome in China at the end of 2006, was used in this study. PRRSV was propagated in Marc-145 cells or PK-15-CD163 cells, and the supernatants of infected cells were clarified and stored at −80 °C in aliquots. Poly(I:C) (Sigma–Aldrich) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (Sigma–Aldrich) were also used to stimulate cells.
Wang D., Fan J., Fang L., Luo R., Ouyang H., Ouyang C., Zhang H., Chen H., Li K, & Xiao S. (2015). The nonstructural protein 11 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus inhibits NF-κB signaling by means of its deubiquitinating activity. Molecular Immunology, 68(2), 357-366.
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9

Isolation and Characterization of NPC Cancer Stem-like Cells

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It has been reported that cancer stem-like SP cells were isolated from CNE1 and CNE2 10 (link), so CNE1 and CNE2 cells were used in the present study. (Of human NPC cell lines, CNE1 is well-differentiated, and CNE2 is poorly-differentiated). CNE1, CNE2, and 293T cells were obtained from the Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China). The cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Hyclone, UT, USA), 100 U/mL penicillin G, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin in a humidified incubator at 37°C with 5% CO2. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT), Hoechst 33342, verapamil, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), parthenolide (PN), pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) were from Sigma-Aldrich (MI, USA). The COX-2 inhibitors NS-398 and CAY10404 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, USA). TRIzol was purchased from Invitrogen (CA, USA).
Liao K., Xia B., Zhuang Q.Y., Hou M.J., Zhang Y.J., Luo B., Qiu Y., Gao Y.F., Li X.J., Chen H.F., Ling W.H., He C.Y., Huang Y.J., Lin Y.C, & Lin Z.N. (2015). Parthenolide Inhibits Cancer Stem-Like Side Population of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells via Suppression of the NF-κB/COX-2 Pathway. Theranostics, 5(3), 302-321.
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10

Activation of AM-1 Cell Line

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The human AB cell line AM-1 was established from a plexiform-type AB representing typical features of native cells9 (link), and was kindly donated by Dr. Mitsuyasu (Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan). Cells were grown in defined keratinocyte serum-free medium (D-KSFM; Invitrogen, San Diego, CA, USA) or Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM; SIGMA-Aldrich), supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, PAA Laboratories, Pasching, Austria) and incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2. In time-course analyses, cells were incubated in DMEM with 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1; Sigma-Aldrich), 100 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; Sigma-Aldrich) or 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Sigma-Aldrich). For the inhibition of TAK1 expression, cells were preincubated in DMEM with 100 nM NG25 (Selleck, Houston, TX) at 37 °C, 5% CO2 for 1 h.
Yoshimoto S., Morita H., Okamura K., Hiraki A, & Hashimoto S. (2021). αTAT1-induced tubulin acetylation promotes ameloblastoma migration and invasion. Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, 102(1), 80-89.
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