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7 protocols using anhydrous meoh

1

Synthesis of Deuterated 2-Hydroxyglutarate

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D2HG and Diacetyl-L-tartaric anhydride (DATAN) were purchased from Sigma/Aldrich. Racemic mixture of L- and D2HG-d4 was prepared by mixing 1 mg of α-ketoglutarate-d6 (Sigma/Isotec) with 1 mg of NaBH4 (Sigma) in 0.2 mL anhydrous MeOH (Sigma) followed by 30-minute incubation at 60°C. Sodium hydroxide (25%) and formic acid (98%) were from Fluka, Germany (mass spectrometry grade). Other reagents and solvents were of analytical grade.
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2

Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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Titanium diisopropoxide
bis(acetylacetonate) (TAA, 75% in IPA, Sigma-Aldrich), anhydrous 2-propanol
(IPA, 99.5%, Sigma-Aldrich), TiO2 paste (30NR-D, GreatCell
Solar)), ZrO2 paste (GreatCell Solar), carbon paste (Gwent
Electronic Materials), and terpineol (95%, Sigma-Aldrich) were used
as received. Precursor materials PbI2 (99%, Sigma-Aldrich),
MAI (CH3NH3I, anhydrous, Dyesol), 5-ammonium
valeric acid iodide (5-AVAI, Dyesol), γ-valerolactone (GVL,
Sigma-Aldrich), and anhydrous MeOH (99%, Sigma-Aldrich) were used
as received.
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3

Synthesis of isotopically-labeled 2-HG

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D-2-HG and Diacetyl-L-tartaric anhydride (DATAN) were from Sigma/Aldrich. Racemic mixture of L- and D-2-HG-d4 was prepared by mixing 1 mg of α-ketoglutarate-d6 (Sigma/Isotec) with 1 mg of NaBH4 (Sigma) in 0.2 mL anhydrous MeOH (Sigma) followed by 30 min incubation at 60°C. Sodium hydroxide (25%) and formic acid (98%) were from Fluka, Germany (mass spectrometry grade). Other reagents and solvents were of analytical grade.
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4

Lanthanum Nitrate XAS Characterization

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XAS measurements were
carried out on La(NO3)3 0.1 M solutions in water
and methanol. La(NO3)3·nH2O (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.5%) was dried under Ar flux at
200 °C for 2 h to remove water. The solutions were then prepared
by dissolving a stoichiometric amount of the salt in respectively
Milli-Q water or anhydrous MeOH (Sigma-Aldrich). La K-edge spectra
were acquired at room temperature in transmission mode at the BM23
beamline of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). The
data were collected with a Si(311) double-crystal monochromator with
the second crystal detuned by 20% for harmonic rejection. Cells with
Kapton windows and 2 mm Teflon spacers were filled with the sample,
while at least three spectra were collected and averaged for each
solution.
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5

Cyclic Peptide Metal Complexation

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Cyclo-FW, cyclo-WW, cyclo-YY, and cyclo-FF were purchased from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland), cyclo-Fw and cyclo-HH from DGpeptides (Hangzhou, China), anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2), copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O), and anhydrous MeOH from Sigma Aldrich (Rehovot, Israel), DMSO from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). All materials were used as received without further purification. Water was processed using a Millipore purification system (Darmstadt, Germany) with a minimum resistivity of 18.2 MΩ cm.
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6

Synthesis of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

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Anhydrous MeOH, anhydrous toluene, anhydrous dichloromethane, pentane, trans-3,6-endomethylene-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthaloylchloride (97 %), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (99+ %), and hexamethyldisilathiane ((TMS)2S) were purchased from Aldrich and used without further purification. TOPO (90 % purity) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. Tri-n-butyl phosphine (TBP, 99 %), bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)benzylidene ruthenium(IV) dichloride, and dimethylcadmium (Cd(CH3)2, 97 %) were purchased from Strem Chemicals. Selenium (Se, 99.999 % purity) 100-mesh powder and diethylzinc (Et2Zn, 1.0 M solution in heptane) were purchased from Aldrich. Both Cd(CH3)2 and Et2Zn were filtered through an array of 0.2–0.1–0.05 μm pore size filters prior to use. 7-octenyl dimethyl chlorosilane was purchased from Gelest. Norbornenylethylisobutyl-POSS® (norbornoPOSS) was procured from Hybrid Plastics. Rhodamine 590, for QY measurements, was purchased from Exciton.
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7

Preparation and Characterization of Organic Compounds

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Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was dried by distillation from sodium/benzophenone ketyl under argon. Anhydrous MeOH was purchased from Aldrich Chemical (cat. No. 322415) and was used as received. Anhydrous DMF was purchased from Alfa Aesar (cat. No. 43997) and was used as received. All other solvents were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh PA, USA; Optima grade) and were used as received. Mass spectra were recorded as described above. 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded on a Varian INOVA-400 (400 and 100.5 MHz respectively) spectrometer (Palo Alto, CA), as CDCl3 solutions unless specified otherwise. 1H NMR chemical shifts are expressed in ppm relative to residual CHCl3 (7.27 ppm). 13C NMR chemical shifts are reported relative to CDCl3 (77.16 ppm). Reactions with air- or water-sensitive reagents were carried out in oven-dried glassware under argon. Crude products were purified by flash column chromatography or vacuum flash chromatography on silica gel.
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