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Malvidin chloride

Manufactured by Extrasynthese
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Malvidin chloride is a chemical compound that is commonly used as a reference standard in analytical testing. It is a dark purple crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. The primary function of malvidin chloride is to serve as a reference material for the identification and quantification of anthocyanins, a class of natural pigments found in many fruits and flowers.

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Lab products found in correlation

Cyanidin chloride, by Extrasynthese (11 mentions) Peonidin chloride, by Extrasynthese (10 mentions) Delphinidin chloride, by Extrasynthese (6 mentions) Peonidin 3 glucoside, by Extrasynthese (6 mentions) Formic acid, by Merck Group (6 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (5 mentions) Peonidin 3 arabinoside, by Extrasynthese (5 mentions) Malvidin 3 galactoside, by Extrasynthese (5 mentions) Malvidin 3 arabinoside, by Extrasynthese (5 mentions) Pelargonidin chloride, by Extrasynthese (4 mentions) Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Peonidin 3 galactoside, by Extrasynthese (4 mentions) Delphinidin 3 galactoside, by Extrasynthese (4 mentions) Myricetin, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Methanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Cyaniding 3 galactoside, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions) Cyaniding 3 arabinoside, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions) Ursolic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Oleanolic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Quercetin 3 rhamnoside, by Merck Group (3 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (23 citations) Malvidin (8 citations) Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (4 citations) Malvidin-3,5-O-diglucoside chloride (malvin) (2 citations) Malvidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride (2 citations) Malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride (oenin) (2 citations) Malvidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside chloride (2 citations)

12 protocols using malvidin chloride

1

Quantification of Phenolic Compounds

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Pure phenolic compound standards (caffeic acid, caftaric acid, catechin, coutaric acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, ethyl gallate, fertaric acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, myricetin, myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside, p-coumaric acid, p-OH-benzoic acid, procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, protocatechuic acid, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, salicylic acid, syringic acid, t-resveratrol, t-piceid and vallinic acid) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St.
Louis, MO, USA). Anthocyanin standards (cyanidin chloride, delphinidin chloride, malvidin chloride, pelargonidin chloride, peonidin chloride and petunidin chloride) and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside were obtained from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Unless otherwise stated, all other chemicals and reagents were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA), Panreac (Barcelona, Spain) or Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK).
Del Pino-García R., González-SanJosé M.L., Rivero-Pérez M.D., García-Lomillo J, & Muñiz P. (2017). The effects of heat treatment on the phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of red wine pomace seasonings. Food chemistry, 221.
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2

Anthocyanins and Antioxidants Impact on Colorectal Cancer

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Cyanidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin chloride, delphinidin chloride, peonidin chloride, pelargonidin chloride, and malvidin chloride were purchased from Extrasynthese Co., Ltd. (Genay, France). Curcumin, quercetin, and l-ascorbic acid were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industries Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). All solvents and chemicals used were either analytical or HPLC grade and were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co., Ltd. (St. Louis, MO, USA) and Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). All chemicals, media, and solvents used in the cell-based study were obtained from InvitrogenTM (Carlsbad, CA, USA) and Roche (Mannheim, Germany). Colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29) were purchased from the American Cell Culture Collection (Bethesda, MD, USA). The COX-2, iNOS, IL-6, and IL-10 immunoassays were purchased from R&D System (Minneapolis, MN, USA).
Sirilun S., Chaiyasut C., Pattananandecha T., Apichai S., Sirithunyalug J., Sirithunyalug B, & Saenjum C. (2022). Enhancement of the Colorectal Chemopreventive and Immunization Potential of Northern Thai Purple Rice Anthocyanin Using the Biotransformation by β-Glucosidase-Producing Lactobacillus. Antioxidants, 11(2), 305.
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3

Anthocyanin Profile Determination

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Acetonitrile (manufacturer: Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), methanol (manufacturer: Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), formic acid (manufacturer: Merck, Darmstadt, Germany), reference standards for delphinidin-3-galactoside, cyaniding-3-galactoside, cyaniding-3-glucoside, cyaniding-3-arabinoside, peonidin-3-galactoside, peonidin-3-arabinoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-galactoside, malvidin-3-arabinoside, cyanidin chloride, peonidin chloride, and malvidin chloride were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). ABTS 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid), potassium peroxydisulfate, sodium acetate (manufacturer: Scharlau Sentmenat, Barcelona, Spain), ferric (III) chloride hexahydrate (manufacturer: Vaseline-Fabrik Rhenania, Bonn, Germany), TPTZ (2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine) (manufacturer: Carl Roth, (Karlsruhe, Germany), acetic acid (manufacturer: Lach Ner, Neratovice, Czech Republic), hydrochloric acid (manufacturer Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), potassium chloride, and ethanol 96% (v/v) (manufacturer: AB Stumbras, Kaunas, Lithuania) were also acquired.
Urbstaite R., Raudone L, & Janulis V. (2022). Phytogenotypic Anthocyanin Profiles and Antioxidant Activity Variation in Fruit Samples of the American Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton). Antioxidants, 11(2), 250.
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4

HPLC Analysis of Flavonoid Compounds

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Chemicals of analytical grade included 2-undecanone. All chromatographic solvents were of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade including acetonitrile, methanol, hydrochloric acid, and formic acid. These solvents were purchased from Thermo-Fisher Scientific (Santa Clara, CA, USA). HPLC-grade standards including quercetin 3-O-glucoside and malvidin chloride were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France).
Marigliano L.E., Yu R., Torres N., Medina-Plaza C., Oberholster A, & Kurtural S.K. (2023). Overhead photoselective shade films mitigate effects of climate change by arresting flavonoid and aroma composition degradation in wine. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, 1085939.
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5

Quantifying Fruit Anthocyanidins via HPLC

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To measure anthocyanidin contents, at least three immature fruits were harvested from each individual plant with two replicates and freeze-dried. Extracts were prepared from 0.1 g of immature fruit samples. The HPLC analysis was performed using an UltiMate 3000RS liquid chromatography system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with a reversed-phase Waters-XTerra C18 column (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA). Mobile phase A used 0.5% trifluoro-acetic acid, and phase B used 100% acetonitrile. The separation conditions for phase B were 0-2 min (14%), 2-4 min (17%), 4-7 min (28%), 7-10 min (36%), 10-12 min (60%), and 12-15 min (0%) with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. As standards for quantification, cyanidin chloride, delphinidin chloride, malvidin chloride, pelargonidin chloride, and peonidin chloride (Extrasynthese, Genay, France) were used, and total anthocyanidin contents were quantified by measuring the absorbance at 520 nm. HPLC was performed at Chungnam National University (Daejeon, Korea).
Byun J., Kim T.G., Lee J.H., Li N., Jung S, & Kang B.C. (2022). Identification of CaAN3 as a fruit-specific regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in pepper (Capsicum annuum). TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik, 135(7).
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6

Quantifying Fruit Anthocyanidins via HPLC

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To measure anthocyanidin contents, at least three immature fruits were harvested from each individual plant with two replicates and freeze-dried. Extracts were prepared from 0.1 g of immature fruit samples. The HPLC analysis was performed using an UltiMate 3000RS liquid chromatography system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with a reversed-phase Waters-XTerra C18 column (Waters Corporation, Milford, MA, USA). Mobile phase A used 0.5% trifluoro-acetic acid, and phase B used 100% acetonitrile. The separation conditions for phase B were 0-2 min (14%), 2-4 min (17%), 4-7 min (28%), 7-10 min (36%), 10-12 min (60%), and 12-15 min (0%) with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. As standards for quantification, cyanidin chloride, delphinidin chloride, malvidin chloride, pelargonidin chloride, and peonidin chloride (Extrasynthese, Genay, France) were used, and total anthocyanidin contents were quantified by measuring the absorbance at 520 nm. HPLC was performed at Chungnam National University (Daejeon, Korea).
Byun J., Kim T., Lee J., Li N., Jung S., & Kang B. (2022). Identification of CaAN3 as a fruit-specific regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in pepper (Capsicum annuum).
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7

Anthocyanin and Excipient Analysis

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Acetonitrile and hydrochloric acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Ethanol 96% (v/v) was purchased from Stumbras AB (Kaunas, Lithuania). Formic acid was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The standard anthocyanins and anthocyanidins, including peonidin chloride, peonidin-3-galactoside, peonidin-3-arabinoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin chloride, cyaniding-3-galactoside, cyaniding-3-glucoside, cyaniding-3-arabinoside, malvidin chloride, malvidin-3-galactoside, malvidin-3-arabinoside, and delphinidin-3-galactoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Excipients (sodium carboxymethylcellulose, beta-cyclodextrin, chitosan (deacetylation grade ≥ 75%, medium molecular weight)) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany); PROSOLV SMCC TM 50 (Penwest, UK). Deionized water was prepared by a Milli-Q water purification system (Milli-Q®, Millipore, MA, USA).
Šedbarė R., Janulis V, & Ramanauskiene K. (2023). Formulation and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Capsules Containing Freeze-Dried Cranberry Fruit Powder. Plants, 12(6), 1397.
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8

Anthocyanin Standards Characterization

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All chemicals and solvents used were of analytical grade. Methanol (LC‐MS grade) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK), trifluoroacetic acid and chloroform (HPLC grade) from Sigma‐Aldrich Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA), gallic acid from Fluka Biochemika (Stockholm, Sweden), hydrochloric acid from Acros Organics (Germany), and formic acid from Scharlau (Barcelona, Spain).
Anthocyanin standards cyanin chloride, malvin chloride, malvidin‐3‐O‐glucoside chloride, peonidin chloride, petunidin‐3‐O‐glucose chloride, cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside chloride, malvidin chloride, cyanidin chloride, delphinidin chloride, cyanidin‐3‐O‐arabinoside chloride, delphinidin‐3‐O‐galactoside chloride, and peonidin‐3‐O‐glucoside chloride were all purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France).
Oliveira G., Eliasson L., Ehrnell M., Höglund E., Andlid T, & Alminger M. (2019). Tailoring bilberry powder functionality through processing: Effects of drying and fractionation on the stability of total polyphenols and anthocyanins. Food Science & Nutrition, 7(3), 1017-1026.
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9

Analytical Protocol for Phenolic Compounds

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The water used was Milli-Q water (Millipore Corporation, Molsheim, France) with a conductivity of 18 MΩ cm–1. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade methanol and formic acid were used as the solvents for the HPLC analysis and were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Ethanol (99.5%) was obtained from VWR (Fontenay-sous-Bois, France). The phenolic standards, cyanidin chloride, malvidin chloride, delphinidin chloride, p-coumaric acid, ellagic acid, resveratrol, gallic acid, caffeic acid, polydatin, epicatechin gallate, epicatechin, vanillin, and vanillic acid, were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.). Tartaric acid, NaN3, and NaNO3, p.a. grade, were from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Folin–Ciocalteu reagent was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, U.S.A.), and sodium carbonate was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). HCl was purchased from VWR International (Rue Carnot, France). The sugars used as standards were l(+)-rhamnose monohydrate, d(+)-galactose, and d(+)-glucose from Merck, l(+)-arabinose from VWR Chemicals, d(+)-xylose from PanReac AppliChem (Darmstadt, Germany), and d(+)-mannose from Sigma-Aldrich.
Osorio-Macías D.E., Song D., Thuvander J., Ferrer-Gallego R., Choi J., Peñarrieta J.M., Nilsson L., Lee S, & Bergenståhl B. (2020). Fractionation of Nanoparticle Matter in Red Wines Using Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 68(49), 14564-14576.
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10

Comprehensive Phytochemical Analysis of Natural Compounds

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All reagents, standards, and solvents were of analytical reagent grade. Ethanol 96% (v/v) was bought from AB Stumbras (Kaunas, Lithuania). Solvents (acetone, methanol, and acetonitrile), reagents (hydrochloric acid and 4-(dimethylamino) cinnamaldehyde), and reference standards (myricetin, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-α-L-arabinofuranoside, quercetin-3-α-L-arabinopyranoside, oleanolic acid, β-amyrin, corosolic acid, maslinic acid, α-amyrin, and ursolic acid) were bought from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) was purchased from Scharlau (Sentmenat, Spain). Formic acid was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). The standard for quercetin-3-glucoside was purchased from Biochemistry (Buchs, Switzerland). Standards for quercetin-3-galactoside and quercetin were bought from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). Reference standards for peonidin chloride, cyanidin chloride, myricetin-3-galactoside, malvidin-3-galactoside, malvidin chloride, malvidin-3-arabinoside, cyaniding-3-galactoside, peonidin-3-arabinoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-galactoside, cyaniding-3-glucoside peonidin-3-galactoside, and cyaniding-3-arabinoside were bought from Extrasynthese (Genay, France).
Šedbarė R., Sprainaitytė S., Baublys G., Viskelis J, & Janulis V. (2023). Phytochemical Composition of Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos L.) Fruits Growing in Protected Areas of Lithuania. Plants, 12(10), 1974.
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