Tetraethyl orthosilicate

Anhydrous ethanol, concentrated ammonia aqueous solution (NH₃•H₂O, 25 wt%), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), Bis[3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl] tetrasulfide (TETS), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Cell culture medium (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium, DMEM), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), penicillin, fetal bovine serum (FBS) and Trypsin were provided by Gibco (USA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was provided by Promag (USA). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactoferrin (Lf) was purchased from Nanjing Kengen (China). Doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox) purchased from Sangon (China). All water was deionized water (Millipore, USA) with a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ/cm. Human embryonic kidney cells 293T, rat glioma cells C6 were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) Cell bank.

Wheat stalk was collected from Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. They were washed with water and then dried in sunlight, chopped into small pieces, and pulverized to pass through an 80-mesh sieve (<180 µm) to obtain wheat stalk powder (WSP). Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 99%), ammonia solution, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 99%), ethyl alcohol, and zirconium sulfatetetrahydrate were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Cyclohexane was purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd.

The chemicals and regents used were: Choline chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate, diethyl ether, iron chloride hexahydrate, ferrous sulfate, sulfuric acid (98%), hydrochloric acid (36%), ammonium hydroxide solution, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China); sodium metavanadate, sodium molybdate dihydrate, dimethyl sulfoxide, anhydride, pyridine, and oleic acid (Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China); Tetrahydrofuran, ethanol, and toluene (Tianjin Hengxing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China); lactic acid, and potassium bromide (Tianjin Kemiou Chemical Reagents Co. Ltd., Tianjin, China).

Sodium acetate, FeCl₃·6H₂O, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), acetonitrile, ethanol, acetic acid, acetone and HPLC grade methanol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), methylacrylic acid (MAA), 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and 3-(trimethoxysily) propyl methacrylate (MPS) were acquired from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co, Ltd. (Shanghai, China). 2,2′-azobis-(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) was provided by Chinasun Specialty Products co, Ltd. (Jiangsu, China). Cartap with purities over 98% was purchased from RAM.M Reagent Company, China. Nereistoxin and bensultap with purities over 99% were obtained from Alfa Chemistry, New York, NY, USA. Both bisultap and monosultap with purities over 99% were from Crescent Chemical Company, Islandia, NY, USA. Triple distilled water (deionized water) newly collected from a glass distillator (Yarong, Shanghai, China) was used to prepare solutions. Other reagents were of analytical grade and obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Six tea samples (green, black, white, yellow, dark and oolong teas), bottled green tea beverage, and bottled iced black tea beverage were purchased from a local supermarket.