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Anti α sarcomeric actin

Manufactured by Merck Group
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Anti-α-sarcomeric actin is a laboratory reagent used in research applications. It is an antibody that specifically binds to the α-sarcomeric actin protein, which is a component of the contractile apparatus in muscle cells. This reagent can be used to detect and quantify the presence of α-sarcomeric actin in biological samples through techniques such as immunohistochemistry or Western blotting.

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9 protocols using anti α sarcomeric actin

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Heart Tissue

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Immunohistochemistry and histological staining were performed on 10 μm heart sections as previously described (27 (link)). The antibodies used in this manuscript are listed below:
anti-Trpc6 (OST00081W, Osenses)
anti-Trpm (T2780, Sigma)
anti-Mef2c (ab197070 Abcam)
anti-α-Sarcomeric actin (A2172, Sigma)
EdU labelling was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions (Click-iT EdU Kit C10337, Molecular Probes). Acid Fuchsin-Orange G (AFOG) staining was performed as previously described (28 (link)) and the size of the scar area was calculated using ImageJ software. T-test statistical analyses was performed using GraphPad Prism. Alkaline phosphate staining was performed on whole-mount heart as previously described (27 (link)).
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Mannose-6-Phosphate Receptors

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Heart tissue samples were treated as previously described [10 (link)]. The expression of mannose-6-phosphate receptors was visualized by using IGF-II Receptor/CI-M6PR (D8Z3J) polyclonal antibody (1:1000, Cell Signaling Techology, Danvers, MA, USA). Anti-α-sarcomeric actin (1:500, Sigma-Aldrich) antibody was used for normalization. Signal was visualized by using a secondary horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse antibody (goat anti-mouse IgG-HRP 1:5000, SantaCruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL Clarity Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). The purity, as well as equal loading (40γ) of the protein, was determined by Nanodrop One (Thermofisher, Waltham, MA, USA). To normalize target protein expression, the band intensity of each sample was determined by densitometry with Image J software. Next, the intensity of the target protein was divided by the intensity of the loading control protein. This calculation adjusts the expression of the protein of interest to a common scale and reduces the impact of sample-to-sample variation. Relative target protein expression can then be compared across all lanes to assess changes in target protein expression across samples. Digital images of the resulting bands were quantified by the Image Lab software package (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Munchen, Germany) and expressed as arbitrary densitometric units.
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3

Immunostaining of Cardiac Markers

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Immunostaining was performed with the primary antibodies including anti–α-sarcomeric actin (Sigma Aldrich, MO, US); anti–α-smooth muscle actin (Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom); anti-CD31 (Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom); anti-connexin43 (Cell Signaling Technology, MA, USA); wheat germ agglutinin (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA). DAPI was used for nuclear counterstaining.
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4

Quantifying Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis

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Apoptosis was assessed using an In Situ Cell Death Detection Fluorescein Kit (Roche Applied Science), according to the manufacturer's instructions, as described previously, using fluorescein‐labeled deoxyuridine triphosphate to identify apoptotic nuclei using fluorescence microscopy.18 Random sections were counted until reaching 10 000 cardiomyocytes per animal. The number of apoptotic nuclei was expressed per 10 000 cardiomyocytes, using colocalization of dUTP, anti–α‐sarcomeric actin (Sigma‐Aldrich), and Hoechst 33258 to identify apoptotic nuclei, cardiomyocytes, and nuclei, respectively.
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5

Quantifying Apoptosis in Hamster Muscle

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TUNEL assay was performed on paraffin hamster muscular sections using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated in situ fluorescein-conjugated, dUTP nick end-labeling technique (In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, Fluorescein), according to the manufacturer's protocol (Roche Diagnostic Corp.). Briefly, muscle sections (biceps femoris) were deparaffinized in xylene, rehydrated and then treated with proteinase-K before proceeding with the assay. Sections were stained with a mouse monoclonal anti-α-sarcomeric-actin (Sigma-Aldrich) and then with anti-mouse Alexa 546 secondary antibodies (Molecular Probes). Nuclei were stained with DAPI. To determine the percentage of apoptotic cells, micrographs of skeletal muscle sections were captured using a Leica microscope (Leica Microsystems DMRB), and positive and negative TUNEL nuclei were counted using NIH ImageJ software from five sections taken from each hamster (n=5-6 animals/group).
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6

Western Blot Analysis of Atrial Tissue

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The protein extracts of human atrial tissues were examined by Western blot analysis. 20μg protein extracts were electrophoresed on 10% acrylamide SDS-PAGE gels and immunoblotted onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. The membranes were preblocked for 1 h in TBST (10 mM Tris–HCl pH 7.6, 150 mM NaCl, 0.1% Tween-20) containing 5% w/v nonfat dry milk and then incubated at 4°C overnight with anti-α-sarcomeric actin (Sigma Aldrich, Louis, MO, USA). The result of protein was normalized against GAPDH.
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7

Immunolabeling of Primary Fibroblasts and Heart Tissue

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For immunolabeling, primary fibroblasts were seeded and grown on chamber slides (ThermoFisher Scientific) for 24 h, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich), blocked in 10% normal donkey serum (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA, USA), then incubated overnight (at 4 °C) with anti-α-SMA, anti-vimentin (Novus Biologicals, Abingdon, UK), anti-TGF-β, and collagen 1 (Abcam, Hong Kong, China). Heart sections were incubated at 4 °C overnight with anti-α-SMA, anti-vimentin (Novus Biologicals), and anti-α-sarcomeric actin (Sigma-Aldrich). The primary antibody was revealed using respective anti-mouse IgG/IgM, anti-rabbit IgG, or anti-chicken IgG secondary antibody (Jackson ImmunoResearch). The nuclei were visualized via DAPI staining [12 (link)]. Samples were analyzed using a confocal microscope (LSM700, Zeiss, Jena, Germany).
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8

Myocardial Apoptosis Imaging

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Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded myocardial samples were cut in 5 μm thick sections and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. For fluorescence imaging, tissue sections were deparaffinized and labelled with ApoAlert DNA Fragmentation Assay Kit (Clontech). Subsequently, samples were incubated with an anti-α-sarcomeric actin (Sigma) antibody followed by TRITC-conjugated secondary antibody (Jackson Immuno, West Baltimore Pike, West Grove, PA, USA). Samples were analyzed with a Leica DM 5000B microscope and a Zeiss LSM 700 confocal microscope.
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9

Myocardial Aldosterone Receptor and Aquaporin Expression

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Heart tissue samples were treated as described [11] . The expression of myocardial aldosterone receptors and Aquaporin 1 and 4 was visualized by using mineralocorticoid receptor monoclonal antibody (1:500), anti-Aqp1 (1:100) and anti-Aqp4 (1: 200). Anti-α-sarcomeric actin (1:500, Sigma-Aldrich), antibody was used for normalization. Signal was visualized using a secondary horseradish peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse antibody (goat anti-mouse IgG-HRP 1:5000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL Clarity Bio-Rad). The purity as well as equal loading of the fraction was determined by measuring β-actin protein levels. Digital images of the resulting bands were quantified by the Image Lab software package (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Munchen, Germany) and expressed as arbitrary densitometric units.
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