Spss version 11.0 for windows

Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 11.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Continuous variables were expressed as mean values with standard deviation (SD), and the nominal variables as numbers and percentages. Analyses of the data included testing the differences in prevalence and comparison of the means by chi-square testing (or Fisher’s exact test where appropriate), and the t-test for independent-samples. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

The software, SPSS version 11.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), was used for statistical analysis. All data was expressed as the mean standard deviation and were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by least significant difference (LSD) or the Dunnett T3 test. Differences were considered statistically significant when the p-value was less than 0.05.

SPSS version 11.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Values shown represent the mean ± SD. Differences between mean values were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by S-N-K method. For all cases, significance of differences was accepted at P<0.05.

Statistical calculations were performed using SPSS version 11.0 for Windows (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). For baseline characteristics, the normally distributed continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD. ANOVA, Pearson Χ² test and Mann–Whitney test were used for comparing discrete and continuous variables. The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was assessed using a Χ² test with 1 degree of freedom. Genotype distribution and allele frequencies were compared between groups using a Pearson Χ² test of independence with 2 × 2 contingency and z statistics. For significant allelic and genotyping associations, the adjusted odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Power calculations were performed with the program of Purcell et al. (available at http://pngu.mgh.harvard.edu/~purcell/gpc/). In the ESKD patient group, the frequency of the PSMA6 G allele was 0.10. The study had 99.4 % power (α = 0.05) to detect an association (OR vs. controls 0.34, 95 % CI 0.26–0.45). Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the correlation of genotype and clinical characteristics, with adjustments for gender and age. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.