L norepinephrine bitartrate salt monohydrate ne

Manufactured by Merck Group

L-(−)-norepinephrine (+)-bitartrate salt monohydrate (NE) is a chemical compound used in laboratory research. It is the salt form of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, also known as noradrenaline. NE is a white crystalline powder that is soluble in water.

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Lab products found in correlation

Picrotoxin ptx, by Bio-Techne (3 mentions) Prazosin hydrochloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Tetrodotoxin ttx, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Yohimbine hydrochloride, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) R phenylephrine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Tnp atp triethylammonium salt, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Pyridoxalphosphate 6 azophenyl 2 4 disulfonic acid tetrasodium salt ppads, by Bio-Techne (2 mentions) Clozapine n oxide cno, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Corticosterone, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Dynasore, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Biophotometer, by Eppendorf (1 mentions) Epinephrine bitartrate salt, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Norepinephrine (248 citations) Norepinephrine (NE) (23 citations) Norepinephrine bitartrate (14 citations) L-(−)-norepinephrine (+)-bitartrate salt monohydrate (11 citations) (±)-norepinephrine (+)-bitartrate salt (7 citations) (L)-norepinephrine bitartrate (6 citations) L-norepinephrine (6 citations) Norepinephrine bitartrate salt monohydrate (NE; (4 citations) Norepinephrine bitartrate salt monohydrate (4 citations) L-(−)-NE (+)-bitartrate salt monohydrate (2 citations)

4 protocols using l norepinephrine bitartrate salt monohydrate ne

Pharmacological Manipulation of Neurochemicals

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The following drugs were kept at −20°C as stock solutions and dissolved in aCSF to their final concentrations on the day of experiments: L-(−)-norepinephrine (+)-bitartrate salt monohydrate (NE, 10-100 μM, Sigma-Aldrich, shielded from light exposure during preparation, storage and application), picrotoxin (PTX, 50 μM, Tocris), prazosin hydrochloride (10 μM, Sigma-Aldrich), (R)-(−)-phenylephrine hydrochloride (100 μM, Sigma-Aldrich), yohimbine hydrochloride (20 μM, Tocris), tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 μM, Tocris), TNP-ATP triethylammonium salt (10 μM, Tocris), pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2′,4’-disulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (PPADS, 100 μM, Tocris).
Fluorocitric acid (FCA, Sigma-Aldrich) was prepared on the day of experiments with DL-fluorocitric acid barium salt (Paulsen et al., 1987 (link)) dissolved in 1 mL of 0.1 M HCl. Two-to-three drops of 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ was added to precipitate the Ba²⁺, after which 2 mL of 0.1 M Na₂HPO₄ was added and the suspension was centrifuged at 1000 g for 5 min. The supernatant was added to the aCSF to achieve a concentration of 100 μM.

Chen C., Jiang Z., Fu X., Yu D., Huang H, & Tasker J.G. (2019). Astrocytes Amplify Neuronal Dendritic Volume Transmission Stimulated by Norepinephrine. Cell reports, 29(13), 4349-4361.e4.

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Pharmacological Modulation of Neuronal Activity

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The following drugs were kept at −20°C as stock solutions and dissolved in aCSF to their final concentrations on the day of experiments: L-(−)-norepinephrine (+)-bitartrate salt monohydrate (NE, 1 μM, 100 μM, Sigma-Aldrich), picrotoxin (PTX, 50 μM, Tocris), corticosterone (2 μM, Tocris), 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene) hydrazide (Dynasore, 80 μM, Tocris). 2-Methyl-1,2-di-3-pyridinyl-1-propa-none (metyrapone, Tocris) was dissolved in sterile saline, and injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. Clozapine N-oxide (CNO, Sigma-Aldrich) was made fresh daily by dissolving in DMSO (100 mg/50 μL) and then diluting in saline to a working concentration of 5 mg/mL.

Jiang Z., Chen C., Weiss G.L., Fu X., Stelly C.E., Sweeten B.L., Tirrell P.S., Pursell I., Stevens C.R., Fisher M.O., Begley J.C., Harrison L.M, & Tasker J.G. (2022). Stress-induced glucocorticoid desensitizes adrenoreceptors to gate the neuroendocrine response to somatic stress in male mice. Cell reports, 41(3), 111509.

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Pharmacological Manipulation of Neurochemicals

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Chen C., Jiang Z., Fu X., Yu D., Huang H, & Tasker J.G. (2019). Astrocytes Amplify Neuronal Dendritic Volume Transmission Stimulated by Norepinephrine. Cell reports, 29(13), 4349-4361.e4.

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Epinephrine and Norepinephrine Impact on Campylobacter Growth

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The effects of Epi and NE on the growth of C. jejuni NCTC 11168 were assessed using standard bacterial growth assay. Briefly, Campylobacter cells were grown in MH broth to log phase and were then pelleted, washed once and resuspended in MEMα medium. The bacterial suspension was inoculated into MEMα medium at a final concentration of 1 × 10² cfu/ml with or without 100 μM of (−)-epinephrine (+)-bitartrate salt (Epi) or L-(−)-norepinephrine (+)-bitartrate salt monohydrate (NE) (Sigma-Aldrich). Cultures were grown in 6-well plates with 5 ml of culture per well for 48 h. The optical density of each well at 600 nm was determined every 12 h of incubation using Eppendorf BioPhotometer. All assays were performed in three independent experiments with triplicate setting for each experiment. Results represent the mean ± the standard deviation (SD) of three independent experiments. The paired Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis at 5% level of significance.

Xu F., Wu C., Guo F., Cui G., Zeng X., Yang B, & Lin J. (2015). Transcriptomic analysis of Campylobacter jejuni NCTC 11168 in response to epinephrine and norepinephrine. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6, 452.

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