Fias 400

Manufactured by PerkinElmer

Sourced in Switzerland

The FIAS 400 is a flow injection analysis system designed for automated sample introduction and analysis. The core function of the FIAS 400 is to provide a controlled and reproducible method for introducing liquid samples into an analytical instrument, such as a spectrometer or chromatograph, for measurement and quantification of analytes.

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Lab products found in correlation

Lambda 2, by PerkinElmer (2 mentions) Aanalyst 400, by PerkinElmer (2 mentions) Aanalyst 100 spectrometer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Aanalyst 200, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Model 5100, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)

7 protocols using fias 400

Quantifying Total Arsenic in Irrigation Systems

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The total arsenic quantification in the irrigation water, agricultural, soil and the plant parts (root, leaves, pods and seeds) was performed with hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometer (HG-AAS) with continuous flow system FIAS 400 device attached to an AAnalyst 100 spectrometer (PerkinElmer). The mineralization processes of the vegetable matrix and water used in this work are shown in Fig. 1.Fig. 1

Mineralization processes.

Fig. 1

Soil samples were processed for total As according to EPA method 3050 B (1996).
The calibration curve was used in the range of 0,3–5 μg As/L and showed good linearity response of up to 5 μg/L (r = 0.998). The detection and quantification limits was 0.1 and 0.3 μg/L respectively.

Yañez L.M., Alfaro J.A., Avila Carreras N.M, & Bovi Mitre G. (2019). Arsenic accumulation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and broad bean (Vicia faba L.) crops and its potential risk for human consumption. Heliyon, 5(1), e01152.

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Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Analysis

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Topsoil samples (0–5 cm) were taken from each lysimeter during drought (13 July 2018) and 7 days after rewetting (13 August 2018). For determining soil inorganic N, an equivalent of 7.5 g dry soil was weighed into centrifugation tubes, extracted with 30 ml 1 M KCl and filtered with filter paper (DF 5895, Albet LabScience, Dassel, Germany) into 50-ml PE bottles. Ammonium-N (NH₄⁺-N) concentration in the extracted solution was measured photometrically with flow injection (FIAS-400) and UV/VIS spectrometer (Lambda 2 s, Perkin-Elmer, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland). Nitrate-N (NO₃^—N) was analyzed by colorimetric analysis (Cary-UV50 spectrophotometer, Santa Clara, CA, US) by setting the absorption wavelength of nitrate at 210 nm (Navone 1964 ).

Ouyang S.N., Gessler A., Saurer M., Hagedorn F., Gao D.C., Wang X.Y., Schaub M., Li M.H., Shen W.J, & Schönbeck L. (2021). Root carbon and nutrient homeostasis determines downy oak sapling survival and recovery from drought. Tree Physiology, 41(8), 1400-1412.

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Soil Arsenic Quantification Methods

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The soil pH was analyzed using a glass electrode in mixtures of soil and deionized water (w/v = 1:1) [28 ]. The total As concentrations of the soils were determined with the HNO₃/H₂O₂ digestion method [29 (link)]. The bioavailable As concentrations were extracted with the following six methods: (i) 0.5 M NaHCO₃ [16 (link)]; (ii) 0.05 N HCl + 0.025 N H₂SO₄ mixed acid solution [16 (link)]; (iii) 0.005 M DTPA-TEA (pH = 7.3) [18 (link)]; (iv) 0.05 M (NH₄)₂SO₄ [20 (link)]; (v) 0.05 M (NH₄)H₂PO₄ [20 (link)]; and (vi) 0.5 M NaH₂PO₄ [19 (link)].
The As concentrations in all digested and extracted solutions were determined with a hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometer (PerkinElmer AAnalyst 200 fitted with a flow injection system, FIAS 400, PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, US). The NIST SRM 2710 Montana soil (certified As concentration: 626 ± 38 mg/kg) was used as the certified reference material (CRM) for quality control of the laboratory analysis. The average total As recovery percentage with the HNO₃/H₂O₂ digestion method was 94 ± 5% for this CRM.

Su S.W., Tsui C.C., Lai H.Y, & Chen Z.S. (2014). Food Safety and Bioavailability Evaluations of Four Vegetables Grown in the Highly Arsenic-Contaminated Soils on the Guandu Plain of Northern Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11(4), 4091-4107.

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Quantification of Toxic Heavy Metals in Urine

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We measured the levels of Cd, As, and Hg in urine. The methods used for analyzing heavy metals are detailed in our previous research.^{[4 (link)]} Cd concentration was determined using a flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Hitachi Model Z-8270), which was outfitted with a Zeeman graphite furnace. Urine samples were combined with nitric acid, diluted using diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 1% Triton X-100, and then mixed thoroughly. The detection limit for Cd was 0.01 µg/L. Total As concentration in urine was analyzed using an atomic absorption spectrometer (PerkinElmer Model 5100) that incorporated a hydride generation system (PerkinElmer FIAS-400). Each urine sample was mixed with HCl, ascorbic acid, and potassium iodide (2:2:1:1); left to incubate for an hour; and then diluted with 10% HCl. The reducing agents used were 0.2% sodium borohydride and 0.5% sodium hydroxide. The mobile phase consisted of 3% HCl, with argon utilized as the carrier gas. The detection limit of the method was 0.2 µg/L. Urine Hg concentration was analyzed using the gold amalgam method with a direct Hg analyzer. After placing 100 µL of well-mixed urine in the sample container, the analysis was conducted immediately.

Choi S.H., Choi K.H., Won J.U, & Kim H. (2023). Impact of multi-heavy metal exposure on renal damage indicators in Korea: An analysis using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression. Medicine, 102(41), e35001.

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Soil Nutrient Extraction and Analysis

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Soil samples were taken in October 2016, after the first tree harvest. Three soil cores (0-40 cm depth) were taken per lysimeter, evenly distributed over the soil surface to provide a representative soil sample, and the cores were mixed together and sieved. Soil was dried at 40°C, ground to powder, weighed in tin capsules and total N concentration was measured using the EA-IRMS as described above. In addition, 7.5 g dry soil was extracted with 30 ml 1M KCl and filtered through filter paper (Hahnemuehle, Dassel, Germany) into 50 mL PE bottles. NH 4 concentration in the extract was measured photometrically with flow-injection (FIAS-400) and UV/VIS spectrometer (Lambda 2s, Perkin-Elmer, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland), NO 3 was measured by colorimetric analysis (Cary-UV50 spectrophotometer), using the absorption of nitrate at a wavelength of 210 nm. Soluble and exchangeable and microbial P were extracted using the method of Hedley (1982) , modified by Tiessen and Moir (2007) (link).

Schönbeck L., Li M.H., Lehmann M.M., Rigling A., Schaub M., Hoch G., Kahmen A, & Gessler A. (2021). Soil nutrient availability alters tree carbon allocation dynamics during drought. Tree physiology, 41(5).

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Chromium Determination by FAAS

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A PerkinElmer AAnalyst400 flame atomic absorption spectrometer with an air-acetylene flame was used. A chromium hollow cathode lamp (PerkinElmer Lumina) was used as the light source with the wavelength and operating current set at 357.9 nm and 10 mA, respectively. A PerkinElmer FIAS 400 flow-injection system was coupled with the AAnalyst400. This on-line system was controlled by Winlab32 TM (Ver. 6.5.0.0266) application software through a personal computer. The flowinjection preconcentration system consisted of two peristaltic pumps, a 5-port injection valve and a mini-column. The pH of the sample solutions was adjusted with an ELICO pH meter Model LI614 (ELICO Ltd., India).

Saxena R., Sharma N, & Tiwari S. (2015). Chromium Speciation Using Flow-injection Preconcentration on Xylenol Orange Functionalized Amberlite XAD-16 and Determination in Industrial Water Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, 31(12).

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Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy for Chromium

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AAnalyst 400 (PerkinElmer) FAAS with acetylene and air flow rates of 3.46 and 9.56 L min -1 was used as the detector. A chromium hollow cathode lamp operating at 10 mA with the wavelength set at 357.9 nm was used as the light source. The flow-injection system, FIAS 400 (PerkinElmer), was coupled to FAAS.
This system was controlled by Winlab32 TM (Ver. 6.5.0.0266) software, which was installed in a personal computer. The infrared spectra were recorded on a PerkinElmer FT-IR spectrometer Model Spectrum RX-1 (resolution 4 cm -1 , range 400 -4000 cm -1 ). All pH adjustments were done on a pH meter Model LI-614 (ELICO Ltd., India).

Tiwari S., Sharma N, & Saxena R. (2016). Online Preconcentration Procedure for Chromium Speciation and Determination in Industrial Water Samples Using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, 32(12).

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