After the bolus fabrication, a CT scan of phantom with bolus added is acquired. The reasons for this step are: i) to verify adequate fitting of the manufactured bolus, and ii) to allow calculation of a final dose distribution (i.e., in case there are differences between the geometry of the calculated and manufactured bolus). The same plan used for bolus optimization is applied to the CT image set with the manufactured bolus. If air gaps exist between the bolus and the patient, the effects of these can be assessed in this final calculation. Here we assess 2D agreement using the gamma evaluation method.(24) The gamma values are calculated in OmniPro I'mRT (IBA Dosimetry, Bartlett, TN) using acceptance criteria of 3% and 5 mm.
Omnipro 1 mrt
Manufactured by IBA Dosimetry
Sourced in Germany
The OmniPro I'mRT is a comprehensive software solution designed for radiation therapy dosimetry. It provides a versatile platform for data acquisition, analysis, and reporting of radiation measurements.
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Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using omnipro 1 mrt
1
Bolus Fabrication Quality Assurance
2
Evaluation of Gamma Analysis Methods
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Gamma analysis was performed using two different commercial IMRT QA software packages, OmniPro I'mRT (IBA Dosimetry) and DoseLab Pro (Mobius Medical Systems, LP, Houston, TX). These two software packages differ slightly in their implementation of dose comparisons using the gamma index. For example, DoseLab Pro automatically uses a bilinear interpolation algorithm to downsample the higher resolution film image to match the resolution of the TPS dose grid. OmniPro I'mRT also has the ability to change the resolution of either the film or TPS dose distributions. However, no resizing was performed for comparisons using OmniPro I'mRT. Furthermore, OmniPro I'mRT and DoseLab Pro perform dose normalization and image registration slightly differently, which can affect the direct comparison of results between these software packages. Therefore, our study was not intended to compare absolute results between the different software packages, but rather to identify trends associated with image noise and resolution within each individual software package's implementation of the gamma calculation, and to evaluate the level of sensitivity of each to these factors.
3
Simulating Lung Tumor Dosimetry in 3D Printing
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As shown in Fig 3(A) , the lung tissue area with HU values lower than -700 was filled with mesh structure of 0.3 mm thick strips by 2 mm spacing in the 3D printing process. The LTV was defined as the mesh region inside the cylindrical phantom, presented as the green colored area in Fig 3(B) . To confirm the similarity of the 3D-printed phantom to the actual lung tumor site, the average HU values of the tumor and surrounding lung tissue were compared. Additionally, the dosimetric impact of LTV was evaluated by overriding the original CT numbers of the selected area to obtain HU values. The original HU values in LTVs were manually reassigned with air equivalent values (-1000 HU), nominal lung value (-785 HU), and water equivalent values (0 HU) in the treatment planning system. The dose in the original CT was compared with the calculated dose in the corrected images using the gamma passing rate (GPR) of 3%/0 mm criteria using the OmniPro I’mRT (IBA Dosimetry, Germany) software.
4
Gamma Analysis in IMRT QA Protocols
5
4D Delivered Dose Analysis for Improved Radiotherapy
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Four-dimensional delivered doses were calculated for 112 treatment fractions and were summed for the total accumulated dose for each of 30 patients. To evaluate the difference between the 4D delivered dose and the static planned dose to GTV and organs at risk (OARs), the maximum dose (Dmax) and mean dose (Dmean) were calculated. For the lung cancer cases, the OARs included the spinal cord, esophagus, and heart. Liver, duodenum, kidney, spinal cord, and stomach are the OARs considered for the liver and pancreas cancer cases. Minimum dose (Dmin) to GTV was also calculated to verify cold spots in tumors. A two-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to test the difference between the dosimetric parameters of the delivered dose distribution and the planned dose distribution. Gamma analysis was performed using OmniPro I’mRT+ software (IBA Dosimetry, Schwarzenbruck, Germany) to compare the 2D dose distributions in the sagittal plane where the planning isocenter is located. The gamma pass criteria was 3% dose difference and 3 mm distance. The percentage dose was calculated relative to the prescription dose, and a dose less than 10% was ignored. The resolution of the dose plane was linearly interpolated to 0.5 mm from the original 2.5-mm grid size of dose calculations in the TPS.
6
X-ray Beam Profile Measurement Protocol
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The x-ray beam profiles were measured with radiochromic film (Gafchromic EBT3, Ashland, Wayne, NJ, USA). The film sheets were cut into four parts of 5 x 25 cm 2 , which were irradiated separately on a 5.2 cm thick polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom to include full back-scattering. The field size, defined at 45 cm distance from the source, was set to 20 x 20 cm 2 and the irradiation was performed twice with each filter for both x and y directions using an irradiation configuration of 350 kV, 10 mA and 50 s. Before scanning, the films were stored for 24 ± 2 hours in a fridge and protected from light [7] . The film digitization was then performed with an A4-size flatbed scanner (Epson Perfection V700 Photo, Seiko Epson Corporation, Suwa, Japan), which was used with an optical resolution of 150 pixels per inch (169 µm per pixel). Finally, the scanned images were saved in a tagged image file format (TIFF) and analyzed with analysis software (OmniPro -I'mRT, IBA Dosimetry GmbH, Schwarzenbruck, Germany). Profiles of the images were created with plotting software (gnuplot version 5.2, http://www.gnuplot.info/).
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