To determine biodegradation activity of isolates, the CO2 concentration in the headspace of the serum bottles was measured with a Shimadzu Tracera GC-2010 Plus chromatograph fitted with a Carboxen 1010 (30 m × 0.58 mm × 30 μm) column with helium as carrier gas and a barrier ionization detector (BID). The injection size of each sample was 50 µL. The injector temperature was set at 250 °C to assure fast evaporation of the samples. The temperature of the column was initially programmed at 105 °C for a holding time of 7 min. After this, the temperature was incremented to 200 °C with a rate of 100 °C/min. The total program lasted 8 min. The calibration curve to measure CO2 was made using different volumes of air containing 600 ppm, 10,000 ppm, 20,000 ppm, 50,000 ppm, and 100,000 ppm of CO2 in triplicate. The coefficient of variation for the triplicate analyses of the target compounds was below 8%. The correlation coefficient of the calibration R2 was 0.997.
Tracera gc 2010 plus
Manufactured by Shimadzu
Sourced in Japan
The Tracera GC-2010 Plus is a gas chromatograph (GC) system designed and manufactured by Shimadzu. It is a state-of-the-art analytical instrument used for the separation, identification, and quantification of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in complex mixtures. The Tracera GC-2010 Plus features advanced technologies that provide high-performance, efficient, and reliable analysis across a wide range of applications.
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Lab products found in correlation
7 protocols using tracera gc 2010 plus
1
Quantifying Biodegradation via CO2 Measurement
2
Quantification of H2 and CO in CPE
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The amount of H2 and CO produced during CPE measurements
under N2 or CO2 (with 2% CH4 as an
internal standard) was quantified by gas chromatography by analyzing
a 50 μL volume of the working electrode headspace compartment
with a Shimadzu Tracera GC-2010 Plus using a barrier discharge ionization
detector (BID). The gas chromatograph was equipped with a ShinCarbon
micro ST column (0.53 mm diameter) kept at 40 °C, using helium
carrier gas. HCOO– was analyzed by ion chromatography
(Metrohm 882 compact IC plus ion chromatography system) with carbonate
buffer (4 mM, pH 7.4) eluent containing acetone (50 mL L–1). The Faradaic yield for H2 and CO was calculated using where F is the Faraday constant (C
mol–1), nprod (mol)
is the amount of H2/CO measured in the headspace, HCOO– in the electrolyte solution, and Q (C) is the charged passed during electrolysis.
The surface
loading (from CV) and product quantification (from CPE) were determined
from separate sets of experiments in triplicate. The error bars shown
in the graphs are the standard deviation calculated as previously
described.86 (link)
under N2 or CO2 (with 2% CH4 as an
internal standard) was quantified by gas chromatography by analyzing
a 50 μL volume of the working electrode headspace compartment
with a Shimadzu Tracera GC-2010 Plus using a barrier discharge ionization
detector (BID). The gas chromatograph was equipped with a ShinCarbon
micro ST column (0.53 mm diameter) kept at 40 °C, using helium
carrier gas. HCOO– was analyzed by ion chromatography
(Metrohm 882 compact IC plus ion chromatography system) with carbonate
buffer (4 mM, pH 7.4) eluent containing acetone (50 mL L–1). The Faradaic yield for H2 and CO was calculated using where F is the Faraday constant (C
mol–1), nprod (mol)
is the amount of H2/CO measured in the headspace, HCOO– in the electrolyte solution, and Q (C) is the charged passed during electrolysis.
The surface
loading (from CV) and product quantification (from CPE) were determined
from separate sets of experiments in triplicate. The error bars shown
in the graphs are the standard deviation calculated as previously
described.86 (link)
3
Photocatalytic N₂O Decomposition: Novel Insights
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The photocatalytic decomposition of gaseous N2O is performed in a custom-made stainless-steel photo-reactor (Figure 6 ), where the photocatalytic layer is placed at the bottom. After that, the reactor is closed and filled with a N2O/He mixture and pressurized to 1.5 bar (pressure is controlled during the whole experiment). The initial N2O concentration is set at 1030 ppm. The irradiation is generated by a UVA source (UVP Pen-Ray, 8 W Hg lamp; λmax = 365 nm) situated at the top of a photo-reactor, through the quartz glass visor. The N2O concentration is measured using a GC/BID (Gas Chromatography coupled with Barrier discharge Ionization detector, Shimadzu Tracera GC 2010 Plus) in two hour-intervals for 22 h. Each experiment is repeated to check the reproducibility. The conversion of N2O ( ) is calculated using Equation (1), where is the initial mole fraction of N2O and is the mole fraction at different times during the photocatalytic reaction.
4
Photocatalytic Methanol Splitting
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Photocatalytic tests were performed in a batch mixed photoreactor (stainless steel, volume 348 mL). Reaction mixture contained 100 mL of 50% methanol in water with a photocatalyst (0.1 g) was saturated with helium, to purge the air and to saturate the solution. An 8 W Hg lamp (peak intensity at 254 nm wavelength; Ultra-Violet Products Inc., Cambridge, UK) was used as the irradiation source and was placed on a quartz glass window on the top of the photoreactor in horizontal position. The reactor was tightly closed and before the start of the reaction (switching on the UV lamp), a gaseous sample was taken (at time 0 h) through septum by syringe. All gaseous samples were analyzed by a gas chromatograph (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) model Tracera GC-2010Plus equipped with BID (barrier discharge ionization detector). The reaction mixture was irradiated for certain time intervals (0–4 h) and samples were taken at 1, 2, 3, and 4 h for analysis. All measurements were reproducibly measured. Using 254 nm wavelength irradiation only three products (hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide) were detected from methanol/water photocatalytic splitting.
5
Cyclic Voltammetry and Bulk Electrolysis
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Cyclic voltammetry was performed
on a PalmSens EmStat potentiostat using a conventional three-electrode
setup with a glassy-carbon working electrode (3 mm diameter), Pt-wire
counter electrode, and a Ag/AgCl/KCl (saturated) reference electrode.
A 0.1 M solution of NBu4+PF6– in MeCN was used as supporting electrolyte. Bulk electrolyses
were carried out in a two-compartment H cell connected by a glass
frit using a Bio-Logic science multichannel potentiostat. A glassy-carbon
rod with a surface area of ∼0.2 cm2 was used as
a working electrode, and platinum mesh as a counter electrode. Prior
to electrolysis, the electrolyte solution was deaerated by sparging
N2, and then the electrochemical cell was kept closed and
gastight during the electrolysis. Typically, the volume of electrolyte
in the working compartment was 6 mL, and that in the counter compartment
was 4 mL. H2 produced during electrolyses was quantified
with a Shimadzu Tracera GC-2010 Plus gas chromatograph kept at 130
°C equipped with a barrier ionization discharge (BID) detector
and a molecular sieve column with He as the carrier gas. Methane (2%
CH4 in N2) was used as internal standard.
on a PalmSens EmStat potentiostat using a conventional three-electrode
setup with a glassy-carbon working electrode (3 mm diameter), Pt-wire
counter electrode, and a Ag/AgCl/KCl (saturated) reference electrode.
A 0.1 M solution of NBu4+PF6– in MeCN was used as supporting electrolyte. Bulk electrolyses
were carried out in a two-compartment H cell connected by a glass
frit using a Bio-Logic science multichannel potentiostat. A glassy-carbon
rod with a surface area of ∼0.2 cm2 was used as
a working electrode, and platinum mesh as a counter electrode. Prior
to electrolysis, the electrolyte solution was deaerated by sparging
N2, and then the electrochemical cell was kept closed and
gastight during the electrolysis. Typically, the volume of electrolyte
in the working compartment was 6 mL, and that in the counter compartment
was 4 mL. H2 produced during electrolyses was quantified
with a Shimadzu Tracera GC-2010 Plus gas chromatograph kept at 130
°C equipped with a barrier ionization discharge (BID) detector
and a molecular sieve column with He as the carrier gas. Methane (2%
CH4 in N2) was used as internal standard.
6
Hydrogen Production from MgB2 Films
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A film sample was placed in a quartz cell (3.5 mL with septum screw cap) under a nitrogen atmosphere without any solvent. Hydrogen production in the quartz cell under near-UV light irradiation was evaluated by gas chromatography (Tracera-GC-2010 Plus with a BID detector, Shimadzu, Co., Ltd., Japan). A film sample was placed under dark conditions for 1 h, followed by UV irradiation for 2 h. Hydrogen generation was determined by the difference in hydrogen amounts before and after the UV irradiation. UV irradiation was performed using a mercury-xenon (Hg-Xe) lamp with a 340 nm band-pass filter, similar to previous reports [7 (link)]. As a control experiment, the MgB2 film without an ion-exchange treatment was also evaluated in the same manner as the ion-exchanged films.
7
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Study
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The photocatalytic activity of the CN and CN-Ar materials was investigated in terms of hydrogen generation. The photocatalytic experiments were performed in a stirred batch photoreactor (stainless steel, volume 348 ml, Fig. 1S in Supplementary materials). The reaction mixture contained 100 mL of 50% methanol with a photocatalyst (0.1 g) and was saturated with helium to purge air and to saturate the solution. An 8 W Hg lamp (254 nm; Ultra-Violet Products Inc.) was used as an irradiation source and was placed on a quartz glass window on top of the photoreactor in horizontal position (Fig. 1S ). The reactor was tightly closed and before the reaction started (switching on the lamp), a gaseous sample was taken (at time 0 h) through a septum with a syringe. All the gaseous samples were analysed by a gas chromatograph (Shimadzu Tracera GC-2010Plus) equipped with a barrier discharge ionization detector (BID). The reaction mixture was irradiated at certain time intervals (0–4 h) and samples were taken at 1, 2, 3 and 4 h for the GC analysis. Three reaction products were determined: hydrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide.
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