Eprinomectin

Levamisole HCl (98% purity), closantel (99% purity), trichlorfon (99% purity), praziquantel (99.6% purity), nitroxynil (99% purity), tetramisole HCl (99% purity), guaifenesin (99% purity), carbendazim (99% purity), rafoxanide (98% purity), morantel tartrate (99% purity), emamectin benzoate (99% purity), cambendazole (99% purity), pyrantel tartrate (99% purity), fluazuron (99% purity), eprinomectin (96% purity), acetic acid (99.5% purity), and ammonium formate (97% purity) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Cymiazole (99% purity) was supplied by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS, Cheong-Ju, Republic of Korea). Thiophanate (99.5% purity) and niclosamide (99% purity) were procured from BOC Sciences (Shirley, NY, USA) and Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China), respectively. Ultra-high purity water obtained from a Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA) was used for mobile phase preparation. HPLC-grade acetonitrile (ACN), methanol, and n-hexane were acquired from Pharmaco-Aaper (Brookfield, CT, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade, unless otherwise specified.

Glutamate, piperazine and the macrocyclic lactones (selamectin, ivermectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, abamectin and moxidectin) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (Saint‐Quentin Fallavier, France). These macrocyclic lactones were first dissolved in DMSO at 10 mM and then diluted in Ringer solution to the required concentration with a final concentration of DMSO which did not exceed 1%. Glutamate was directly prepared in recording solution.