Levofloxacin hydrate ophthalmic solution

For the glaucoma filtration surgery model, rabbits were anesthetized with an intramuscular injection of ketamine (15 mg/kg) (Daiichi Sankyo Propharma) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) (Bayer Yakuhin). An eyelid speculum was put in place, and the eye fixed with a corneal traction suture (7–0 Silk, Johnson & Johnson). We then injected xylocaine (0.3–0.5 ml) under the Tenon tissue as an additional local anesthesia, and made a 6-mm fornix-based conjunctival flap with the Tenon’s capsule, 5 mm in length. Next, we made a 3 × 3 mm fornix-based scleral flap and placed 0.04% mitomycin C (Kyowa Kirin) into the conjunctival pocket for 3 min, which was then washed away with 50 ml of saline. Finally, we created a 2 × 1 mm scleral window at the limbus and performed a peripheral iridectomy, followed by a conjunctival suture with 10–0 nylon (MANI) and the injection of 0.5 ml dexamethasone into the subconjunctiva. After surgery, 0.3% ofloxacin ointment (Santen Pharmaceutical) was applied to the eye. Topical administrations of 0.1% betamethasone sodium phosphate (SHIONOGI) and 0.5% levofloxacin hydrate ophthalmic solution (Santen Pharmaceutical) were applied three times a day for three days postoperatively. All surgeries were performed by the same researcher (K.M).

The water homeostasis function of the corneal endothelium in tissue‐cultured corneas was evaluated in a New Zealand rabbit animal model of PK. The rabbits were anesthetized, and the conjunctival cul‐de‐sac was sterilized by irrigation with 1:1 diluted beta‐iodine. A 7.0 mm corneal button was removed from the rabbit's eye using a Hessburg‐Barron vacuum trephine (Katena). Corneal buttons (7.5 mm) were prepared from tissue‐cultured samples using a Barron Donor Cornea Punch (Katena) and sutured into place in recipient rabbits. Four cardinal sutures of 10‐0 nylon were placed, followed by at least 12 interrupted 10‐0 nylon sutures. After surgery, all animals received topical prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension 1% (Pred Forte; Allergan, Inc.) and 0.5% levofloxacin hydrate ophthalmic solution (Cravit; Santen Pharmaceutical), both with QID dosing for 2‐4 weeks.