Fructose

‘Shushanggan apricot’ fruits were harvested in the experimental plot located at Sanyuan, Shaanxi Province, China (34.5414° N, 108.8328° E). The young apricot fruits, born in the same inflorescence and with the consistent florescence were selected to be registered and marked (Figure 5). During the 2021 harvest season (from the 26 March to 14 June), the immature green (G), color-changing (CC I and CC II) and full mature (M) fruits were collected, and the fruit color could be distinguished at 29, 65, 72 and 81 days after flowering (DAF), respectively.
The fresh fruits, with uniform size, color and maturity, and without mechanical damage, were washed with distilled water, immediately put into liquid nitrogen and stored at −80 °C in the ultra-low temperature freezer for further use.
Chemical standards (fructose, glucose, sucrose, malic acid and citric acid) were purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.(Shanghai, China). Other reagents are analytically pure, purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Shanghai Co., Ltd.

H₂O₂, sodium acetate and acetic acid were obtained from Chongqing Chemical Reagent Company (China). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP, >150 U mg⁻¹), glucose, GOx, lactose, sucrose and fructose were obtained from Shanghai Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd (China). 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) were purchased from Merck & Co., Inc (USA). MoS₂ powder (≥98%, 2 μm in size) were purchased from Tianjin Chemical Reagent Factory Kaida chemical plant. All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade and used as received without further purification, and ultrapure water was used throughout the work. Ultrapure water was prepared in the lab using a water treatment device. Serum was kindly donated from the Department of Clinical Laboratory at the University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Shapingba District, Chongqing Municipality).