Fluzone quadrivalent influenza vaccine

We selected factors previously associated with possible symptoms associated with Influenza Virus infection [6 (link)]. Variables measured included insurance status and co-payment amount, date of birth, date of age at exam, gender, BMI, BMI percentile, asthma status, influenza status, fever, fever duration, month of illness, anti-viral treatment, Influenza Virus vaccination (FluZone Quadrivalent Influenza vaccine (Sanofi Pasteur, Paris, France) or FluMist Quadrivalent Influenza vaccine live, intranasal (MedImmune, Astra Zeneca, London, U.K.)), presence of pneumonia, conjunctivitis, enteritis, Group A streptococcal (GAS) tonsillitis, nasopharyngitis, and/or otitis media (+/- ear drum rupture). Complications (pneumonia, otitis media, conjunctivitis) were recorded within 30 days following evaluation for ILI.

Animal studies involving rhesus macaques were performed at the New Iberia Primate Research Center (NIRC-New Iberia, LA 70503, USA) in accordance with relevant guidelines using protocols approved by NIRC and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA. Female Indian rhesus macaques were weight and age matched for each group. All animals were influenza naïve prior to study start. For each antibiotic course, vancomycin (15 mg/kg) was delivered orally once daily for 14 days. Fluzone quadrivalent influenza vaccine (Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France; 2018–2019 season) was administered as a single injection per dose, intramuscularly on the right deltoid, in a total volume of 500 µL. Blood for serum and stool were collected at various timepoints and frozen at −80 °C.