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103 protocols using sensation 16

1

CT Acquisition Protocol for COPD and FHS

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In COPDGene, the CT acquisition protocol used was as follows: 120kVp, 200mAs, and 0.5 s rotation time for General Electric (GE) LightSpeed-16, GE VCT-64, Siemens Sensation-16, Siemens Sensation-64, Philips 40-slice, and Philips 64-slice scanners. Images were reconstructed using a standard algorithm at 0.625 mm slice thickness and 0.625 mm intervals for GE scanners. Siemens CT images were reconstructed using a B31f algorithm at 0.625 (Sensation-16) or 0.75 mm slice thickness and 0.5 mm intervals. Reconstruction of Philips images was performed by using B algorithm at 0.9 mm slice thickness and 0.45 mm intervals. In the FHS, CT images were acquired with a General Electric Discovery VCT 64-slice PET/CT scanner (GE Healthcare) using a MA determined by subject weight (300 mA for subjects less than 220 lbs, 350mG for subjects equal to or greater than 220 lbs) 120 Kv, and a gantry rotation time of 0.35 s. Raw data was collected using a 210° scan reconstruction algorithm and a detector width of 0.625 mm. Images were reconstructed with a 50 cm field of view (FOV).
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2

Cardiac CT Calcium Scoring Protocol

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A 16-row MDCT scanner (Sensation 16 Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) was used to acquire a volume set of data of the heart according to standard spiral protocol. CAC was measured by the Agatston method (Calcium scoring, Wizard workstation, Sensation 16, Siemens). The CAC score was classified as 0.1–100, 100–400 and ≥400 Agatston units.
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3

Thoracic CT Imaging Standardization Protocol

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All patients underwent CT examinations at full inspiration from the thoracic inlet to the costophrenic angle level. CT scans were performed with one of two scanners (Hitachi Scenaria 64, Hitachi Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan; or Siemens Sensation 16, Siemens Medical Systems, Forchheim, Germany) using automatic exposure control with the following parameters: tube voltage, 120 or 140 kV; tube current, 150–250 mA; detector width, 64 × 0.625 mm or 16 × 0.75 mm; pitch, 1.57 or 1; rotation time, 0.35 or 0.5 s; field of view (FOV), 350 mm; and matrix, 512 × 512. The reconstruction kernel used was lung smooth with a thickness of 1 mm and an interval of 0.8 mm. The following windows were used: a mediastinal window with a window width of 350 Hounsfield unit (Hu) and a window level of 40 Hu, and a lung window with a width of 1,200 Hu and a level of −600 Hu.
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4

Evaluating CT Imaging Performance Across Healthcare System

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A total of 16 different diagnostic CT scanners located at 11 different sites within our healthcare system were investigated. These 16 scanners represent 14 different scanner models within our health system, which includes the following: GE BrightSpeed 16, GE BrightSpeed Elite 16, GE Discovery 750 HD, GE LightSpeed 16, GE LightSpeed 64 VCT (GE Healthcare, Waukesha, Wisconsin), Siemens Emotion 16, Siemens Sensation 16, Siemens Sensation 40, Siemens Sensation 64 and Siemens Somatom Definition FLASH (Siemens Healthcare, Forchheim, Germany), Toshiba Aquilion 16, Toshiba Aquilion 32, Toshiba Aquilion 64 and Toshiba Aquilion Premium (Toshiba America Medical Systems, Tustin, California). Note that for 2 scanner models, two separate scanners at different locations were evaluated.
To assess image quality, three measurements were performed: [1] axial spatial resolution using the slice sensitivity profile (SSP), [2] in-plane spatial resolution using the modulation transfer function (MTF), and [3] image noise using the standard deviation of pixel values. Additionally, CTDIvol values reported at the scanner console were recorded to assess scanner radiation output (CTDIvol) as phantom size changed.
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5

Frameless Radiosurgery for Brain Tumors

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Treatments were delivered using the CyberKnife, an image-guided, frameless, LINAC-based, 6 MV radiosurgery system. The patient’s head was immobilized with a thermoplastic mask for imaging acquisition and treatment. The neuroimaging technique consisted of a thin-section, contrast-enhanced, multiplanar reconstruction-gradient echo volumetric study conducted on a Siemens Magnetom 1.5-T MR imaging system (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), performed at the following parameters: repetition time (TR) 9.7 ms, echo time (TE) 4 ms, matrix 200 × 256, flip angle 1, orientation sagittal. A multislice, contrast-enhanced, head computerized tomography (CT) was also performed using a multislice scanner, Siemens Sensation 16 (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany). Contouring of the tumor and the critical volumes was performed on the co-registered MR and CT dataset. Manual contouring was done in the axial plane with simultaneous display of contours on reconstructed orthogonal images.
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6

High-Resolution Facial Bone CT Acquisition

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Computed tomography data was acquired on a 16-row multi-slice CT (Siemens Sensation 16, Siemens, Forchheim, Germany) using a high-resolution facial bone protocol for adult patients. Protocol details are Tube voltage, 120 kvp; Tube current, 67 mA; Slice thickness, 1mm; Slice distance, 0.8 mm; Gantry tilt: 0°
Position, Head-first Supine; Matrix, 512 x 512. For image analysis, files were exported in DICOM format via compact disc to an offline Macbook Pro workstation (Apple, Cupertino, CA, USA) with specifications: CPU, 2.4Ghz Intel Core i7; Memory, 8GB DDR3; GPU, 1024 MB AMD Radeon HD 6770M; Operating System, OS X 10.8.4.
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7

CT Imaging of Plastic Skull

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CT images of the plastic skull were acquired with a Siemens-Sensation-16 (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), leading to 2 axial datasets. The first dataset was captured with the reference element fixed on the VBH mouthpiece in place and the second one without the reference element. Image parameters were 140 kV, 220 mAs with 1 mm slice thickness.
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8

Multi-Modality Imaging for Staging

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Spiral CT of the chest and abdomen was performed using a 16-slice multi-detector CT (Siemens Sensation 16, Siemens Healthcare) and intravenous contrast. If clinically indicated the head, neck or lower extremities were also included. In two stage I patients SPECT-CT images were obtained during SLN detection. In one stage I patient MRI was performed instead of CT.
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9

Image-guided Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Lesions

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We used a Cyberknife system, an image-guided, frameless LINAC-based, 6 MV radiosurgery system that uses inverse planning for the delivery of radiation to a defined target volume. The patient’s head was immobilized with a thermoplastic mask for imaging acquisition and treatment. The neuroimaging technique consisted of a thin-section, contrast-enhanced, multiplanar reconstruction-gradient echo volumetric study conducted on a Siemens Magnetom 1.5-T MR imaging system (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), performed at the following parameters: TR 9.7 ms, TE 4 ms, matrix 200 × 256, flip angle 1, orientation sagittal. A Multislice contrast-enhanced CT was also performed using a multislice scanner Siemens Sensation 16 (Siemens).
Contouring of the tumor and the critical volumes was performed on the co-registered MR and CT dataset. Manual contouring was done in the axial plane with simultaneous display of contours on reconstructed orthogonal images.
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10

Preoperative CT Assessment of Pulmonary Metastases

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The CT scan acquired just prior to pulmonary metastasectomy was evaluated. All CT examinations were conducted without intravenous contrast material injection by using one of five available CT scanners: Sensation-16, Somatom Definition FLASH (Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany), Brilliance-64, Ingenuity (Philips Medical Systems, Best, The Netherlands), and Aquilion One (Toshiba Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan). All chest CT scans were performed using dose modulation with the following scanning parameters: tube voltage, 80–120 kVp; tube current-time products, 20–132 mAs; reconstruction slice thickness, 1.0 mm; slice interval, 1.0 mm; and a medium-sharp reconstruction algorithm. The mean interval between the preoperative CT and surgery was 17.2 ± 11.5 days (range, 1–35 days). The detection and annotation of pulmonary nodules were performed by experienced pulmonary radiologist (30 years-experienced chest radiologist) with assistance of Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD)
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