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7 protocols using ono 8711

1

Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Antagonists for Fracture Repair

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PGE2 receptor antagonists used in this study included ONO-8711 that is an EP1 antagonist [20 mg/ml (Ki = 1.7 nM); item no. 14070, Cayman Chemical], TG4-155 that is an EP2 antagonist [5 mg/ml (Ki = 2.4 nM); item no. 17639, Cayman Chemical], L-798,106 that is an EP3 antagonist [10 mg/ml (Ki = 0.3 nM); item no. 11129, Cayman Chemical], and ONO-AE3-208 that is an EP4 receptor antagonist [10 mg/ml (Ki = 1.3 nM); item no. 14522, Cayman Chemical]. For in vivo PGE2 receptor inhibition, immediately following fracture surgery, B6 mice subcutaneously received a daily recommended dose of a PGE2 receptor antagonist near fracture sites until bones were harvested. On the next day, mice also received either a control AAV vector or the AAV.COX-2 vector. Four days after the fracture surgery, mice were euthanized for analyses.
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2

Inflammatory Response Pathway Modulation

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Key reagents were purchased from the following suppliers: PGE2, PF-04418948, ONO-8711, and E7046, Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI); β-actin antibody, LPS from E. coli O127:B8, FITC-dextran 4000, forskolin, U73122, and H89, Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO); MLC and phospho-MLC antibodies, Abcam (Cambridge, MA), COX-2 antibody (Western blot), Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA); COX-2 antibody M-19 (immunostaining) and secondary antibodies for Western blots, Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA). Secondary antibodies for immunostaining and ProLong Diamond Antifade Mountant with DAPI were from ThermoFisher Scientific (Canoga Park, CA).
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3

Characterization of PGE2 Receptor Modulators

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Laboratory chemicals were from Sigma-Aldrich (Vienna, Austria) unless specified. The EP1 receptor agonist ONO DI-004, the EP4 receptor agonist ONO AE1-329 and the EP4 receptor antagonist ONO AE3-208 were kind gifts from ONO Pharmaceuticals (Osaka, Japan). PGE2, 17-pt-PGE2, SC51089, GW627368X, L-161,982, ONO-8711, iloprost, and isobutylmethylxanthine were from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). L-161,798 was purchased from Tocris Biosciences (Bristol, UK) and SC51322 from Biomol (Hamburg, Germany). The VE-cadherin mouse monoclonal antibody was obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA) and secondary fluorescently-labeled antibodies and Texas Red-X Phalloidin were purchased from Invitrogen (Invitrogen, Lofer, Austria). Antibody diluent was from Dako (Glostrup, Denmark), Ultra V Block from Fisher Scientific (Vienna, Austria). Vectashield/DAPI mounting medium was obtained from Vector Laboratories (Vector Laboratories, Burlingam, CA, USA).
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4

Intrathecal Injection of EP1 Antagonist

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EP1 antagonist ONO-8711 (Cayman chemical, Ann Arbor, MI) was dissolved in DMSO to 20mg/ml as a stock and diluted in PBS to 10 nM for use. Drug administration was performed in a volume of 5 μl by a 30-gauge needle connected to a 25 μl Hamilton syringe (Reno, NV) through an intervertebral space between L5 and L6, as described previously [19 (link)]. Successful intrathecal (i.t.) injection was verified by a lateral tail-flick. Mice were administered with 5 μl saline or ONO-8711, 1 h before allodynia testing.
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5

Induction of AQP2 expression in mpkCCD cells

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Mouse mpkCCDc14 cells were maintained essentially as described (Hasler et al., 2002 (link)). Cells were seeded at a density of 1.5 × 105 cells/cm2 on semipermeable filters (Transwell®, 0.4 μm pore size, Corning Costar, Cambridge, MA) and cultured for 8 days. Unless stated otherwise, the cells were exposed to 1 nM of the V2R agonist desmopressin (dDAVP) at the basolateral side during the last 96 h, to maximally induce the AQP2 expression (Li et al., 2006 (link)). Cells were incubated with 10 μM indomethacin, 1 μM PGE2 (both Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1 μM PGF (Calbiochem, San Diego, CA), 300 nM of EP1/EP3 agonists sulprostone (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1 μM of EP4 agonists CAY10580, 0.5 μM of EP4 antagonist Gw627368, 2.5 nM of the EP4 antagonist L161982, 20 μM of EP1 antagonist Sc-51089, or 100 nM of EP1 antagonist Ono-8711 (all Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA) during the last 48 h. The medium was replaced after 24 h, or in experiments using the EP agonists or antagonists, the medium was replaced every 12 h.
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6

Brain Slices Pharmacological Modulation

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Brain slices were incubated with PGE2 and EP2 agonist for at least 35 min, while EP receptor antagonists and COX inhibitors were applied for at least 50 min prior to recording.
PGE2 (Cat# 2296), PF 04418948 (EP2 receptor antagonist; Cat# 4818), L-798,106 (EP3R antagonist; Cat# 11129), BGC 20-1531 (EP4R antagonist; Cat# 5327), butaprost (EP2 receptor agonist; Cat# 13740), SC-560 (COX-1 inhibitor; Cat# 1550), and SC-236 (COX-2 inhibitor; Cat# 3919) were from Tocris Bioscience. ONO-8711 (EP1 receptor antagonist; Cat# 14070) was from Cayman Chemicals. Acetaminophen (COX inhibitor; A7085) and H89 (PKA inhibitor; B1427) were from Sigma-Aldrich.
The following drugs were perfused through the recording chamber: Ouabain octahydrate (Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor; Cat# 03125) and picrotoxin (Cl channel blocker; P1675) from Sigma-Aldrich; Tetrodotoxin (Na+ channel blocker; T-550) from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel); D-AP5 (NMDA receptor antagonist; ab120003) from Abcam; and DNQX (non-NMDA receptor antagonist; Cat# 0189) from Tocris Bioscience.
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7

Characterization of Mouse Renal Tubular Cell Line

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The mouse renal tubular epithelial cell line (MCT) was a generous gift from Dr Eric Neilson (Northwestern University, Chicago, IL). These cells were characterized and shown to possess many of the characteristics of the in vivo PT. 21 MCT cells were grown in DMEM: F-12 (1:1) media supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% Penicillin-Streptomycin, and 1% L-glutamine and were maintained at 5% CO 2 and 37 °C during culture and treatment. Sub-confluent cells were maintained in serum-free media for 24 h and stimulated with 1 μM PGE 2 and 2 ng/ml of TGFβ for 24 h. If a response to 1 μM PGE 2 was observed, MCT cells were then stimulated for 24 h with 1 nM PGE 2 as well as 1 μM and 1 nM SLP (Cayman, Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Sulprostone is an EP 1/3 receptor agonist, but since EP 3 receptors are not expressed in MCT cells (as indicated below), SLP was used to determine the involvement of EP 1 receptors in the various responses. EP 1 receptors were antagonized with 100 nM ONO-8711 (Cayman) or blocked by EP 1 siRNA transfections, EP 4 receptors were blocked with EP 4 siRNA transfections (see below).
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