Resflor gold

Manufactured by Merck Group

Resflor Gold is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by Merck Group. It is designed for use in research and scientific applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Draxxin, by Zoetis (1 mentions) Baytril 100, by Bayer (1 mentions) Excede, by Zoetis (1 mentions)

5 protocols using resflor gold

Diagnosis and Treatment of Calf Pneumonia and Otitis

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Diagnosis of pneumonia and otitis media was performed by experienced farm employees trained by Cornell University veterinarians (Ambulatory and Production Medicine Department) and confirmed by one of the veterinarians of the research team. Pneumonia was defined when two or more of the following clinical signs were detected in a calf: cough, rectal temperature >39.5°C, respiratory rate >40 breaths/min, increased cranioventral lung sounds or wheezes. Otitis media was defined by observation of ear pain evidenced by head shaking, scratching or rubbing the ears, epiphora, ear droop, signs of facial nerve paralysis, with or without fever (rectal temperature >39.5°C).
Calf health status was categorized as healthy (consisting of calves that did not develop pneumonia, otitis, and pneumonia-otitis combined during the pre-weaning period) or diseased (consisting of calves that developed pneumonia, otitis, or pneumonia-otitis combined during the pre-weaning period). Calves diagnosed with pneumonia and/or otitis were treated according to the standard farm protocol (Resflor Gold, Merck Animal Health). Calves that entered the farm treatment received antibiotic treatment of florfenicol and flunixin meglumine (Resflor Gold, Merck Animal Health). Drug was administered at label dose and route of administration.

Lima S.F., Bicalho M.L, & Bicalho R.C. (2019). The Bos taurus maternal microbiome: Role in determining the progeny early-life upper respiratory tract microbiome and health. PLoS ONE, 14(3), e0208014.

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Comparative Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetics in Calves

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Random assignment were made to each drug treatment group with 6 calves in each group. All drugs were administered in the neck (except ceftiofur) according to label instructions. Group 1 received enrofloxacin (Baytril 100, Bayer HealthCare LLC, Animal Health Division, Shawnee Mission, KS, USA) at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg of body weight once subcutaneously. Group 2 received florfenicol + flunixin meglumine (Resflor Gold^®, Merck Animal Health, Whitehouse Station, NJ) at a dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight once subcutaneously. Group 3 received ceftiofur crystalline free acid suspension (Excede^®, Zoetis Animal Health, Florham Park, NJ, USA) at a dose of 6.6 mg/kg, once as single subcutaneous injection at the base of the posterior aspect of the ear. Group 4 received tulathromycin (Draxxin^®, Zoetis Animal Health, Florham Park, NJ, USA) at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight once subcutaneously. The calves were allocated into two period semi-crossover design. Six calves received enrofloxacin, and following the sampling period and a 7 day washout period, they received florfenicol. The week following the conclusion of the florfenicol sampling, a second set of 6 steers were administered ceftiofur. Following the sampling period and a 7 day washout period, those 6 steers received tulathromycin.

Foster D.M., Martin L.G, & Papich M.G. (2016). Comparison of Active Drug Concentrations in the Pulmonary Epithelial Lining Fluid and Interstitial Fluid of Calves Injected with Enrofloxacin, Florfenicol, Ceftiofur, or Tulathromycin. PLoS ONE, 11(2), e0149100.

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Calf Pneumonia and Otitis

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Pneumonia was defined when two or more of the following clinical signs were detected in a calf: cough, rectal temperature >39.5 °C, respiratory rate >40 breaths/min, increased cranioventral lung sounds or wheezes. Otitis was defined by observation of ear pain evidenced by head shaking, scratching or rubbing the ears, epiphora, ear droop, signs of facial nerve paralysis, with or without fever (rectal temperature >39.5 °C).
Two dedicated farm employees with over 10 years of experience and trained by Cornell University veterinarians (Ambulatory and Production Medicine Department), were responsible for overseeing the calf facility and making the initial detection of pneumonia and otitis. When farm employees detected animals that were displaying signs of disease such as depression, inappetence, dehydration, increased respiratory rate, or a head tilt (otitis) a full physical examination was carried out to determine the diagnosis of the disease. Once the farm employees examined the affected calves an experienced veterinarian member of the research team performed a second confirmatory physical examination. Calves diagnosed with pneumonia and/or otitis were treated according to standard farm protocol ((Resflor Gold, Merck Animal Health).”

Lima S.F., Teixeira A.G., Higgins C.H., Lima F.S, & Bicalho R.C. (2016). The upper respiratory tract microbiome and its potential role in bovine respiratory disease and otitis media. Scientific Reports, 6, 29050.

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Fecal Scoring and Calve Behavior Assessment

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Fecal scores were classified twice daily around feeding according to the guidelines outlined by Larson et al. (1977) (link), by 2 independent trained observers that were not blinded to treatment: 1 = firm, well-formed (not hard); 2 = soft, pudding like; 3 = runny, pancake batter; and 4 = liquid, splatters, pulpy orange juice. Data for each calf were averaged over 3-d periods before statistical analysis, and a scouring event was reported as 2 consecutive fecal scores of 4. The 2 independent evaluations were compared and any disagreement between the evaluations on a calf were reconciled by both observers looking at the calf together and agreeing on a fecal score. Bloat was assessed before and within 1 h after each feeding. Disposition scores for both the body and head were scored twice daily immediately before each MR feeding. Calves were scored on a 1-to-3 scoring system. The body disposition scores were 1 = standing; 2 = lying sternal; and 3 = lying lateral. The head scores were 1 = alert, ears up; 2 = depressed, head distended or ears droopy; and 3 = head extended. Calves with either a body disposition score of 3 or head score of 2 or 3 had a rectal temperature taken before the a.m. feeding. Any calf with a rectal temperature greater than 39.5°C or less than 37.5°C was treated with Resflor Gold (Merck Animal Health, Kenilworth, NJ).

Sharon K.P., Hulbert L.E., Davis E.M, & Ballou M.A. (2020). Effects of plane of milk-replacer nutrition on the health, behavior, and performance of high-risk Holstein bull calves from a commercial calf ranch. Applied Animal Science, 36(2), 219-227.

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Bovine Respiratory Disease Detection

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The definition for detection of bovine respiratory disease was the presence of 2 or more of the following clinical signs: cough, rectal temperature >39.5°C, respiratory rate >40 breaths/min, increased cranioventral lung sounds, or wheezes. Two dedicated farm employees with over 10 years of experience and trained by Cornell University veterinarians (Ambulatory and Production Medicine department), were responsible for overseeing the calf facility and detecting BRD. An experienced veterinarian member of our research team performed a second confirmatory physical examination. Calves diagnosed with BRD were treated according to standard farm protocols (Resflor Gold, Merck Animal Health, Madison, NJ). Treatment was administered on the day of the diagnosis.

Gaeta N.C., Lima S.F., Teixeira A.G., Ganda E.K., Oikonomou G., Gregory L, & Bicalho R.C. (2017). Deciphering upper respiratory tract microbiota complexity in healthy calves and calves that develop respiratory disease using shotgun metagenomics. Journal of dairy science, 100(2).

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