Rat intestine acetone powder

Acarbose, ranirestat, porcine pancreatic α-amylase, rat intestine acetone powder, aldose reductase, extra pure starch, dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS), p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside (pNPG) and 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl α-d-maltotrioside were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. All other chemicals and reagents used are of analytical grade. Carpobrotus edulis leaves collected from the Agricultural Research Council—Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants campus in Pretoria, South Africa with voucher specimen Mulaudzi RB# 200 deposited in Bews Herbarium, University of KwaZulu-Natal, as described by Mulaudzi et al. [14 (link)] were lyophilised and ground into fine powders using a rotor mill (Fritsh Pulverisette 14, Labotec, Midrand, South Africa).

Bovine skin gelatine (type B, 225 g Bloom gel strength), rice starch, candelilla wax, lysozyme from hen egg white (activity by producer: ≥40 000 U/mg), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), N-[3-(2-furyl)acryloyl]-l-phenylalanyl-glyciyl-glycine (FAPGG), 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), angiotensin-converting enzyme from rabbit lung, α-amylase from human saliva, and rat intestine acetone powder were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Merck (St. Louis, MO, USA). Green tea extract (100%) with a minimum of 22% total polyphenol content was obtained from Wild Flavours and Specialty Ingredients (Rudolf Wild GmbH & Co. KG, Eppelheim, Germany). Caco-2 cells used in cytotoxicity assay were obtained from ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA. Listeria innocua (NRRL B-33314) used in antimicrobial tests was obtained from the United States Department of Agriculture, Microbial Genomics and Bioprocessing Research Unit (Peoria, IL, USA).