Fei tecnai g2 f20 tem

Infrared spectra (FT-IR) of IR, ME and ME gel were recorded with a Nicolet IS50 FT-IR spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) with a range of 4000–400 cm⁻¹ and a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹.
Heat maps of indirubin, adjuvants, physical mixtures, and ME were recorded using a Netzsch DSC214 differential scanning calorimeter (Netzsch, Germany). Each sample was sealed in an aluminum crucible and heated to 400 °C from room temperature at a rate of 10 °C·min⁻¹ under nitrogen.
The morphology of the microemulsion was observed by FEI TECNAI G2 F20 (TEM) (FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA) at an accelerating voltage of 100 kV. A few samples were dropped onto the copper mesh, wetted for several minutes, stained with 2% phosphotungstic acid staining solution for 5 min, dried at room temperature, and observed by TEM.
The morphology and surface characteristics of ME gel were detected by JEOL JSM-7800F scanning electron microscope (SEM) (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The ME gel was coated on the tin foil, vacuumed and adhered to the copper plate with double-sided tape, and sprayed with gold under reduced pressure, and the morphological structure of the sample was observed under the scanning electron microscope.

Liposome imaging was done at The Microscopy Imaging Facility, University of Guelph Advanced Analysis Centre (Guelph, ON, Canada) on an FEI Tecnai G2 F20 TEM (FEI Co., Hillsboro, OR, USA) with a bottom mount Gatan 4k CCD camera and 200 kV field emission. Samples consisted of 1000 µM or 500 µM phospholipid (as 100 nm LUV; 1:1 molar ratio of POPE:POPS) with or without 10 µM or 16 µM PSI in 50 mM sodium acetate pH 4.5/140 mM NaCl incubated for 15 min at 22 °C. Samples were loaded onto sample grids and plunge flash frozen in a dust-free moisture-controlled work space, and subsequently maintained at or below −170 °C.