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Nascn

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany

NaSCN is a chemical compound that serves as a laboratory reagent. Its core function is to act as a chaotropic agent, which can disrupt the structure of proteins and other biological molecules. NaSCN is commonly used in various biochemical and analytical applications, where its ability to denature and solubilize proteins is of importance.

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27 protocols using nascn

1

Gc-specific IgG Antibody Avidity Assay

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The Gc-specific IgG antibody avidity was determined by a sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) displacement ELISA. Plate coating and blocking were performed the same as the Gc-specific total IgG ELISA. Sera were diluted in casein to normalise titres to give a level of 1 total IgG EU. After incubation for 2 h at RT and washing, NaSCN (Sigma–Aldrich) was added in an increasing concentration gradient from 0 M to 6 M NaSCN in duplicate wells down the plate. Plates were incubated for 15 min at RT followed by washing and the secondary antibody addition and development performed the same as for the total IgG ELISA. Avidity was measured using the intercept of the OD405 curve for each sample with the line of 50% reduction of the OD405 in the 0 M NaSCN wells for each sample.
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2

Purification of Inorganic Salts and Solvents

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NaCl
(99.999% trace metals basis), NaI (99.999%,
trace metals basis), NaBr (99.99%, trace metals basis), NaSCN (99.99%,
trace metals basis), NaOH (99.99%, trace metals basis), Na2S2O3 (99.99%, trace metal basis), ethylenediaminetetraacetic
acid (EDTA, 99.995%, trace metals basis), eicosanoic-d39 acid (97%, dAA for deuterated arachidic acid), eicosanoic
acid (99%, AA for arachidic acid), and chloroform (anhydrous grade,
stabilized with ethanol) were obtained from Merck. HCl, 36.5% (99.999%,
trace metal basis), was purchased from Alfa-Aesar. Before use, NaCl,
NaBr, and NaI were baked at 500 °C for 1 h and slowly cooled
to eliminate any traces of organic compounds. As NaSCN decomposes
at a significantly lower temperature, the salt was cleaned using an
approach similar to that proposed by Lunkenheimer for purifying surfactants,35 (link)−37 (link) where the surface of NaSCN stock solutions are repeatedly aspirated
to remove traces of surface active contaminants. The remaining compounds
were used as received. Ultrapure water was obtained from an Integral
15 Millipore system featuring a constant conductivity (18.2 MΩ·cm)
and low total organic content (<3 ppb). The glassware was cleaned
beforehand by a three-step sonication procedure with, subsequently,
ethanol, Deconex (Borer Chemie), and ultrapure water, alternated with
10 times rinsing with water between each step.
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3

Biochemical Reagents Protocol

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Salts (NH4Cl, NaCl, (NH4)2SO4, Na2SO4, MgCl2 6H2O, NaF, and K2HPO4) and chemicals for buffer preparation (tris, bis-tris, bis-tris propane, and phosphate) were from Centralchem (Banská Bystrica, Slovakia). GuHCl, NaSCN, and bovine serum albumin (A4503-50G) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Salmon sperm DNA (A2159) was obtained from PanReac AppliChem ITW Reagents (Darmstadt, Germany).
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4

Salts Characterization Protocol

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Salts: The salts used were NaSCN (from Merck, > 98.5 %), (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (from Merck, 99.5%), KCl (from Chem-Lab, 99.5 %), NaCl (from Fisher, 99.5%), CaCl 2 (from Panreac, 95 %), MgCl 2 (from Sigma, 99%), and InCl 3 (from Sigma, 98%). Additional information can be found in the Supplementary Information.
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5

Analytical-grade Chemical Characterization

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The starting research materials were of analytical grade and used as received without further purification. The research chemicals NaSCN (98%), Pb(NO3)2 (99%), Cu(NO3)2 (99.99%), and HgCl2 (99.5%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich Company, USA, and the CH3OH solvent used was a spectroscopic grade.
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6

Avidity Index Determination by ELISA

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384-well plate wells (Thermo Scientific™, Waltham, MA, USA) were coated overnight with optimized concentration of antigens. Samples were serially diluted in ELISA diluent buffer and 15 μL of serially diluted samples were added to wells in duplicate (control vs. treated), followed by 2 h incubation at room temperature. 1.5 M NaSCN (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA, diluted in PBS) was added to treated wells at 20 μL/well, while ELISA diluent buffer was added to control wells. The samples were then incubated for 15 m at room temperature. Wells were washed 6x and dried. Bound Abs were detected using AP-conjugated mouse anti-human IgG MT78 (MabTech, Cincinnati, OH, USA), incubated for 2 h at room temperature. The reaction was developed using pNPP substrate (Thermo Scientific™, Waltham, MA, USA) and signal was acquired at 405 nm. Readout is expressed proportion of signal from NaSCN-treated wells over control wells of a serially diluted sample and denoted as avidity index [55 (link)].
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7

Bovine Raw Milk Preservation Treatments

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Seven bovine raw milk samples (M1–M7), representing comingled lorry milk delivered to Helsinki Dairy Ltd in Helsinki (Finland) in April, May and June 2015, were considered for the analyses. The source of H2O2 was a 30% H2O2 solution (Perdrogen R 30 Gew%, Riedel de Häen, Seelze, Germany). The thiocyanate anion SCN was in the form of NaSCN (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany); a 1% (w/v) stock solution was sterile filtered and cold stored until use. Hydrogen peroxide (H), thiocyanate (T), or both components (HT) were added at 10 ppm each (FAO, 2005 ). The N2 gas (AKA Ltd, Riihimäki, Finland) was 99.999% pure; the flow rate for the continuous N2 gas flushing treatments (N) was adjusted to 120 ml/min (Munsch-Alatossava et al., 2010a (link)). All raw milk samples (100 ml per bottle and treatment) were continuously mixed and stored at 15 or 25°C ± 0.1 in a water bath until subjected to analyses. The description of the conditions (applied to every sample) is as follows: C = non treated milk (accounts for the control); T = SCN; H = H2O2; HT = H2O2 + SCN; N = N2 flushing; NT = N2 flushing + SCN; NH = N2 flushing + H2O2; NHT = N2 flushing + H2O2 + SCN.
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8

EPR Spectroscopy of Spin-Labeled YgaP

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NaSCN (Sigma-Aldrich; final concentration of 20 mM) was added to the spin-labeled dimeric full-length YgaP in DPC micelles and then CW-EPR spectra were acquired at 298 K. Subsequent CW-EPR mobility and power saturation analyses were performed at each residue site in the presence or absence of SCN. The CW-EPR spectra of several spin labeled variants (I119R1, Y133R1, S137R1, V146R1, A148R1, G149R1, and C159R1) were also acquired at 150 K, either in the presence or absence of SCN.
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9

Synthetic Glass Paste Preparation

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G1 and G2 were ground in a planetary ball mill and sieved below 45 µm. Table 2 shows the particle size and the specific surface area (SSABET) of the synthetic glasses. Pastes of the synthetic glasses were prepared by mixing 10 g of the glasses with 4 g of 1 M NaOH solution. Pastes were initially mixed with a vertical mixer (JANKE KUNKEL IKA-WERK RW 20, Staufen, Germany) for 30 s at 200 rpm and afterwards at 840 rpm for 3 min. Then, 0.02% bwg of DEIPA (Sigma Aldrich, Buchs, Switzerland), 0.02% bwg of TIPA (Aldrich Chemistry, St. Louis, MO, USA), 0.3% bwg of NaSCN (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and 2% bwg of Na2S2O3 (Acros Organics, Branchburg, NJ, USA) were added into the mixing liquid.
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10

Avidity Assay of Hemagglutinin-Specific IgG

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The avidity of the hemagglutinin specific IgG was measured by avidity ELISA [16] (link). Sera were standardised to an OD of 0.7 ± 0.3 using an indirect ELISA. After a one hour incubation, sera were treated with 1.5 M chaotropic agent NaSCN (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA). The avidity Index was calculated as the percentage of antibody remaining bound after treatment; (ODTreated serum/ODUntreated serum) × 100%.
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