Lc ms grade solvents

The chemical compound library was from Open Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, University of Tokyo (Tokyo, Japan) (23 ). The library includes 174,131 compounds supplied as 10 or 2 mM solutions in DMSO. After the selection of N-phenylmaleimide derivatives, each compound was obtained in powdered form from commercial vendors (see supplementary Methods). Methylcarbamyl-PAF (mcPAF, nonhydrolyzed analog of PAF), 16:0 PAF, 16:0 lyso-PAF, deuterium-labeled (d₄)-16:0 PAF, d₄-16:0 lyso-PAF, and d₃₁-16:0 lyso-PC were from Cayman Chemical Company (Ann Arbor, MI). DPPC standards were purchased from NOF Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). Palmitoyl-CoA and arachidonoyl-CoA were from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL). Acetyl-CoA, DMSO, chloroform, and LC-MS grade solvents (methanol and acetonitrile) were from Wako (Osaka, Japan). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Salmonella minnesota was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO), and A23187 (calcium ionophore) was from Biomol (Plymouth Meeting, PA). Two types of protease inhibitor cocktails (complete and EDTA-free complete) were purchased from Roche Applied Science (Mannheim, Germany).

OS (purity 99%) and ZAN (purity 99%) were purchased from LKT Laboratories (St. Paul, MN, USA). LAN (purity 98%) was purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (Toronto, Ontario, Canada). OC (purity 99%) was purchased from Acanthus Research Inc. (Mississauga, Ontario, Canada). PER (purity 99%) was provided by Shionogi & Co., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan) and purchased from ChemScene, LLC. (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA). The chemical structures and physicochemical properties of these anti-influenza drugs [22 (link),28 (link)–37 ] are shown in Table 1. It is noted in similarities of chemical and physicochemical properties of ZAN and LAN. LC-MS-grade solvents (methanol, acetone, and acetonitrile), formic acid, hydrochloric acid, ascorbic acid, and triethylamine were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). Individual standard stock solutions of OS, OC, ZAN, PER, and LAN at 1 mg/100 mL were prepared in methanol and stored at –30°C.