T 2 triol

The individual mycotoxin solid calibration standards (1 mg) of DON, DON-3-glucoside, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), DOM-1, ZEN, α-ZEL, β-ZEL, T-2, T-2 triol, HT-2, DAS, AOH, AME, NIV, OTA, OTα, AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, AFM1, FB1, FB2, FB3 and ROQ-C and internal standards (isotope-labelled DON, ZEN, AFB1 and FB1) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Bornem, Belgium). All mycotoxin solid standards were dissolved in methanol (1 mg/mL) and were storable for a minimum of 1 year at −18 °C [48 (link)]. The mycotoxin working solutions and IS were prepared in methanol, and stored at −18 °C. Water was obtained from an Aurim^® Pro water system from Sartorius (Brussels, Belgium). Disinfectol^® (denaturated ethanol with 5% ether) was supplied by Chem-Lab (Zedelgem, Belgium). Methanol (LC-MS grade) was purchased from BioSolve (Valkenswaard, The Netherlands), while acetonitrile (Analar Normapur) and ammonium acetate were obtained from VWR International (Zaventem, Belgium). Acetic acid (glacial, 100%) and formic acid (98‒100%) were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). VAMS devices (Mitra^TM) were obtained from Neoteryx (Torrance, CA, USA).

The substances utilized for cell culture and reagent-grade chemicals include Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), streptomycin, penicillin, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), trypsin/EDTA solutions, newborn calf serum (NBCS), sodium azide (NaN₃), β–nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (β-NADPH), GSH, GSSG, NAC, BSO, N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), o-phtaldialdehyde (OPT), t-octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton-X100), 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), tris hydroxymethyl aminomethane (Tris), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and H₂O₂ were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol (MeOH) was acquired from Merck Life Science S.L. (Madrid, Spain). A Milli-Q water purification system (Millipore, Bedford, Burlington, MA, USA) was used to produce deionized water (resistivity < 18 MΩ cm). Standards of T-2 (MW: 466.52 g/mol), Neosolaniol (Neo; MW: 382.40 g/mol), T-2 triol (MW: 382.45 g/mol), and T-2 tetraol (MW: 298.33 g/mol) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Stock solutions of the mycotoxins were made in MeOH at the proper working concentrations and kept at a constant temperature of −20 °C in the dark.

Mycotoxin standards (NIV, SCIRP, DON, T2 TETRAOL, FUS-X, MAS, 15-ADON, 3-ADON, T2 TRIOL, NEO, DAS, and HT-2, T-2) were purchased from Sigma (Deisenhofen, Germany). Acetonitrile, hexane, ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, anhydrous sodium sulphate, and other chemicals were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and were analytical grade. Trifluoracetic anhydride (TFAA), used as a derivatization reagent, was purchased from Pierce (Rockford, IL, USA).