Sk mel 5 cells

The A375 human malignant melanoma cell line (ATCC, cat. no. CRL-1619) was cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (cat. no. 10–013-CV, Corning) supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) (cat. no. FP-0500-A, Atlas Biologicals, Fort Collins, CO, USA), 1% Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) Non-Essential Amino Acids (cat. no. 11140–050, Gibco), 1% L- glutamine (cat. no. 25–005-CI, Corning) and 1 mM β-mercaptoethanol. Human malignant melanoma SK-MEL-5 cells (ATCC, cat. no. HTB-70) were cultured in MEM (cat. no. 10–010-CV, Corning) supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated FBS. Human primary dermal fibroblasts (cat. no. PCS-201–012) were purchased from American Type Culture Collection and maintained in Fibroblast Basal Medium (cat. no. CS- 201–030, ATCC) supplemented with Fibroblast Growth Kit-Low serum (cat. no. PCS-201–041, ATCC) according to manufacturer recommendations. All cell lines were maintained at 37 °C with 5% CO₂. A375 and SK-MEL-5 cell lines were reported negative for mycoplasma contamination in February 2022 and validated as authentic, giving a 100% match when compared to the known reference profile through short tandem repeat profiling performed by Genetica DNA Laboratories (Burlington, NC, USA) [22 (link)].

Human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, human lung cancer A549 cells and human skin cancer SK-MEL-5 cells were procured from American Type Culture Collection. The cells were cultured under sterile conditions at 37˚C in a humid environment containing CO₂ (5%) and the culture medium comprised DMEM or RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with FBS (10%), glutamine (4 mM), penicillin (100 U/ml) and streptomycin (100 µg/ml). The cultures were regularly checked and trypsinised when the cell confluence reached 85%.