Standards of FB 1 and FB 2 (50 μg/mL in acetonitrile) were purchased from Fermentek (Jerusalem, Israel); [ 13 C 34 ]-FB 1 (25 μg/mL in acetonitrile) and [ 13 C 34 ]-FB 2 (10 μg/mL in acetonitrile) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Various dilutions of the above standards were prepared in acetonitrile and stored at -20°C. The standards of hydrolyzed fumonisins (HFB 1 and HFB 2 ), as well as [ 13 C 22 ]-HFB 1 and [ 13 C 22 ]-HFB 2 , were synthesized in the laboratory by alkaline hydrolysis followed by ethyl acetate extraction according to the method described by Dall'Asta et al. [ 17 ] For high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays, acetonitrile, methanol, and ethyl acetate (all of HPLC grade) were purchased from Tedia (Fairfield, OH, USA); formic acid (HPLC grade) was obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai, China); and sodium hydroxide (analytical grade) was obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was produced by a Purelab Pulse system (Elga, Germany).
Ethyl acetate
Manufactured by Tedia
Sourced in United States, Brazil
Ethyl acetate is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid. It is a common organic solvent used in laboratory settings for various applications, such as extraction, purification, and cleaning procedures. Ethyl acetate has a characteristic fruity odor and is miscible with water and many organic solvents.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Tedia (10 mentions)
Methanol, by Tedia (8 mentions)
N butanol, by Tedia (4 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Formic acid, by Tedia (4 mentions)
Acetone, by Tedia (4 mentions)
Hexane, by Tedia (4 mentions)
Chloroform, by Tedia (3 mentions)
Ethanol, by Tedia (3 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Tedia (2 mentions)
N hexane, by Tedia (2 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Formic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methyl alcohol, by Tedia (2 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetone, by Vetec (2 mentions)
Isopropanol, by Tedia (2 mentions)
Gallocatechin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Epigallocatechin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
24 protocols using ethyl acetate
1
Fumonisins Quantification by HPLC
2
Isolation and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds
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The compounds viz., catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate, and procyanidin B2 were obtained from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA). Cyanidin chloride and delphinidin chloride were purchased from Axxora Co. Ltd. (Lausanne, Switzerland). Benzyl mercaptan was obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). HPLC grade methanol, acetonitrile, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, n-butanol, and acetic acid were procured from Tedia Co. Ltd. (Fairfield, OH, USA). The following materials and equipment were used for separation and chromatography: Sephadex LH-20 (GE Healthcare, Sweden); silica GF254 TLC sheet (5 × 20 cm; HeFei BoMei Biotechnology Co., Hefei, China); ordinary-phase silica gel column (silica gel H, 200–300 mesh; Anhui Liangchen Silicon Material Co. Ltd., Huoshan, China); and a Varian Prostar HPLC instrument, Model 325 (Varian, Mulgrave, Australia). 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra were obtained on an AVANCE AV 400 (400/100 MHz) spectrometer (Bruker, Fallanden, Switzerland). 13C-NMR spectra were recorded at 150 MHz in acetone-d6/D2O mixture using a Varian Mercury-600 spectrometer (USA).
3
Enzymatic Assay for α-Glucosidase Activity
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HPLC grade methanol and acetonitrile, petroleum ether, CDCl3, methanol-d4, dimethyl sulfoxide, acarbose, p-nitrophenol α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) and α-glucosidase type I (EC 3.2.20, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lyophilized powder) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol and ethyl acetate used for extraction were purchased from Tedia (Fairfield, OH, USA). Formic acid was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and water was prepared by a deionization and 0.22-µm membrane filtration system (Milipore, Billerica, MA, USA).
4
Quantitative Analysis of Lappaconitine
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The reference standard of DIG (batch No: 20181221) with a purity of >98% was obtained from Hefei Ruijie Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. Lappaconitine hydrobromide with a purity of >98% was provided by the Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and was used as internal standard (IS). HPLC-grade formic acid and methanol were provided by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Similarly, ethyl acetate and acetonitrile were of HPLC grade and were obtained from Tedia, Fairfield, USA. Water was prepared with a Milli-Q system (Millipore, USA) for this study. All other reagents used were of analytical grade.
5
Quantitative Analysis of Eicosanoids
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Standards for PGE2 (99.0%), PGD2 (99.0%), PGF2α (99%), TXB2 (99%) and PGB2-d4 (99.0%) were purchased from Cayman (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Absolute ethanol, n-hexane, acetonitrile, and formic acid were purchased from J.T. Baker (Deventer, The Netherlands). Ethyl acetate and chloroform were purchased from Tedia (Fairfield, OH, USA). Dexamethasone and LPS from Escherichia coli were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ultrapure water was obtained using a Milli-Q System (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA, USA). High glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) without sodium bicarbonate was purchased from HiMedia (Mumbai, India).
6
Quantification of Plant Hormones
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The following instruments were used in this study: HPLC-UV system coupled to an ultraviolet-spectrum detector (Agilent 1200 LC, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA); chromatographic separation: WondaCract ODS-2 C 18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 µm; Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan); freeze-dryer (ALPHA 1-4 LD PLUS, Marin Christ, Osterode am Harz, Germany); reverse-phase C18 cartridge (Sep-Pak C 18 , Waters Associates, Inc., Milford, MA, USA); and Agela 0.22-µm nylon syringe filters (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).
The following reagents were used in this study: standards of tZ9G, tZ, diZ, tZR, diZR, iPMP, iP, iPA, and iP9G were produced from Olchemi (OlChemIm Ltd., Olomouc, Czech Republic); standards of ABA and IAA were from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA); methanol, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, formic acid, and all of the chromatographic-grade solvents were obtained from Tedia (Fairfield, OH, USA).
The following reagents were used in this study: standards of tZ9G, tZ, diZ, tZR, diZR, iPMP, iP, iPA, and iP9G were produced from Olchemi (OlChemIm Ltd., Olomouc, Czech Republic); standards of ABA and IAA were from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA); methanol, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, acetic acid, formic acid, and all of the chromatographic-grade solvents were obtained from Tedia (Fairfield, OH, USA).
7
Quantification of Deuterated Estradiol
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E2-2, 4, 16, 16, 17-d5 ([2H5]-E2) was from C/D/N Isotope (Canada H9R 1H1). Acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, and methyl alcohol were obtained from TEDIA (Charlotte, NC288224, USA). E2, chloroform, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC), L-Ascorbic acid (99%), trifluoroacetic acid anhydride (TFAA), methanesulfonic acid (MSA), human serum Alb, human Hb, and potassium nitrosodisulfonate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Inc. (St Louis, MO63178, USA).
8
Quantification of Antioxidant Capacity
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Phenylephrine, acetylcholine, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; ≥98%), diphenhydramine (≥98%), fulvestrant (≥98%), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), fluorescein, 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH), and Trolox ((±)-6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchromane-2-carboxylic acid) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich® (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol, acetonitrile, formic acid, and ethyl acetate were purchased from Tedia® (Fairfield, CT, USA).
9
Phytochemical Standard Compounds Acquisition
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The standards of luteolinidin chloride, gallic acid and catechin hydrate were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The apigeninidin chloride was obtained from Chromadex (Santa Ana, CA, USA). The analytic grade reagents acetone, chloroform, methanol, and hydrochloric acid were purchased from VETEC (São Paulo, Brazil) and vanillin, Folin-Ciocalteu and ethanolamine from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade reagents (acetic acid, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, and formic acid) were purchased from Tedia (São Paulo, Brazil).
10
Cyanobacteria Cultivation and Extraction
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Cyanobacteria samples (Arthrospira platensis) were obtained from Tecnologia Ambiental Biomex S.A. de C.V. [55 ] (Guadalajara, Mexico). Arthrospira was grown in open raceway ponds with modified Jourdan medium [56 ] during 45 days. The geographical location of the ponds was 20°14′0″ N, 103°35′0″ W. The biomass was harvested with a mesh, air dried to 20% moisture in order to maintain the stability of lipophilic compounds and stored under dry and dark conditions until the extracts were prepared (2 weeks). Methanol, ethyl acetate and light petroleum 60–80 °C boiling point were purchased from Tedia (Monterrey, Mexico). Fatty acids methyl esters, β-carotene, undecanoic acid, sulfuric acid and α-tocopherol were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Toluca, Mexico). Carbon dioxide (Industrial grade) was acquired from Praxair S.A. (Guadalajara, Mexico) and ethanol from Reactivos Guadalajara (Guadalajara, Mexico).
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