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Eclipse 80i phase contrast microscope

Manufactured by Nikon
Sourced in Japan

The ECLIPSE 80i phase contrast microscope is a laboratory instrument designed for high-quality imaging and analysis of biological samples. It features advanced phase contrast optics, providing enhanced contrast and visibility of transparent specimens. The microscope is equipped with a stable and precise mechanical design, allowing for reliable and consistent performance during observations and measurements.

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5 protocols using eclipse 80i phase contrast microscope

1

Quantifying Soybean Rust Appressoria Formation

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To quantify the formation of pre-infection structures including germ-tubes and appressoria on control, CNF-, and scopletin-treated plants, soybean leaves were spray-inoculated with P. pachyrhizi 1 × 105 spores/ml. At 6 h after inoculation, the leaves were observed with an Olympus BX51 fluorescence microscope after Calcofluor White (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States) staining and photographed. The germ-tubes forming differentiated appressoria were counted as appressoria. The differentiated germ-tubes without appressoria that grew on the leaf surface were also counted from at least 100 urediniosopres on three independent leaves.
The formation of pre-infection structures on borosilicate glass slides and polyethylene tape with or without CNF treatment was quantified after dropping P. pachyrhizi spores (2 × 105/ml). Six hours after inoculation, pre-infection structures were observed with a Nikon ECLIPSE 80i phase contrast microscope. The germ-tubes forming differentiated appressoria were counted as appressoria. The differentiated germ-tubes without appressoria that grew on the leaf surface were also counted from at least 500 urediniosopres on three independent leaves.
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2

Microscopic Analysis of Specimen Details

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Drawings, measurements and photographs of details were made at magnification up to 1000× using a Nikon® Eclipse 80i Phase Contrast microscope (Tokyo, Japan) with a drawing tube. Photographs of morphological details were made by a Nikon Coolpix® 4500 digital camera (Tokyo, Japan). Photographs of habitus were made under an Olympus SZ2® stereo microscope with an Olympus SC30® digital camera (Hamburg, Germany). Image stacks were processed using Combine ZP® (Derby, UK).
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3

In vitro Synthesis of dsRNA for SIGS

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Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of green fluorecent protein (GFP), and chitin synthase (CHS) were synthesized using the in vitro Transcription T7 Kit (TaKaRa, Otsu, Japan). Briefly, we designed three primer sets to amplify P. pachyrhizi CHS5-1 fragments (Supplementary Figure 1 and Supplementary Table 1). After RT-PCR amplification, fragments were purified and used as templates for in vitro transcription. The products of RNA transcripts were confirmed by gel electrophoresis (Supplementary Figure 1) and quantified by NanoDrop (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States). We equally mixed three dsRNA fragments and used for spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) assay on polyethylene tape. The formation of pre-infection structures and expression levels of CHSs were quantified after dropping 1 × 105/ml of P. pachyrhizi spores containing 10 ng/ml dsRNA on polyethylene tape. Six hours after inoculation, pre-infection structures were observed with a Nikon ECLIPSE 80i phase contrast microscope.
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4

Quantifying Fungal Pre-Infection Structures

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To quantify the formation of pre-infection structures including germ-tubes and appressoria on control, CNF-, and scopletin-treated plants, soybean leaves were spray-inoculated with P. pachyrhizi 1 x 10 5 spores/ml. At 6 hours after inoculation, the leaves were observed with an Olympus BX51 fluorescence microscope after Calcofluor White (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA) staining and photographed. The germ-tubes forming differentiated appressoria were counted as appressoria. The differentiated germ-tubes without appressoria that grew on the leaf surface were also counted from at least 100 urediniosopres on three independent leaves.
The formation of pre-infection structures on borosilicate glass slides and polyethylene tape with or without CNF treatment was quantified after dropping P. pachyrhizi spores (2.0 x 10 /ml). Six hours after inoculation, pre-infection structures were observed with a Nikon ECLIPSE 80i phase contrast microscope. The germ-tubes forming differentiated appressoria were counted as appressoria. The differentiated germ-tubes without appressoria that grew on the leaf surface were also counted from at least 500 urediniosopres on three independent leaves.
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5

In Vitro Synthesis of dsRNA for SIGS Assay

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Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of GFP and CHS were synthesized using the in vitro Transcription T7 Kit (Takara, Ohtsu, Japan). Briefly, we designed 3 primer sets to amplify P. pachyrhizi CHS5-1 fragments (Supplementary Fig. S1 and Table S1). After RT-PCR amplification, fragments were purified and used as templates for in vitro transcription. The products of RNA transcripts were confirmed by gel electrophoresis (Supplementary Fig. S1) and quantified by NanoDrop (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA). We equally mixed 3 fragments and used for SIGS assay on polyethylene tape. The formation of pre-infection structures and expression levels of CHSs were quantified after dropping 1 x 10 /ml of P. pachyrhizi spores containing 10 ng/ml dsRNA polyethylene tape. Six hours after inoculation, pre-infection structures were observed with a Nikon ECLIPSE 80i phase contrast microscope.
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