Apigenin

Every solvent and reagent utilized here was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany), except for DMSO, which was supplied by Santa Cruz (Heidelberg, Germany). The analytical standards employed were purchased from Extrasynthese (Lyon, France), except apigenin, luteolin, neochlorogenic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid, carnosol, and carnosic acid, which were supplied by Adooq Bioscience (Irvine, CA, USA).

Solvents: Water, acetonitrile, acetone, chloroform, and methanol, were obtained from Honeywell (Charlotte, NC, USA). LC-MS-grade formic acid was supplied by Thermofisher (Waltham, MA, USA). Sulfuric acid, phenol, hydrochloric acid, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, petroleum ether, and dichloromethane were supplied by Sigma Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). DMSO was supplied by Santa Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA).
Analytical standards: All standards were supplied by Extrasynthese (Lyon, France) except catechin, rutin, ascorbic acid, mannose, and linalool, which were supplied by Sigma Aldrich, as well as apigenin, forsythoside A, and verbascoside, which were provided by Adooq Bioscience (Irvine, AB, Canada). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was purchased from Thermofisher. Trolox, an antioxidant vitamin E derivative, was obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK).
Reagents: Aluminum chloride, sodium nitrite, sodium hydroxide, TPTZ, iron (III) chloride solution, ammonium iron (II) sulphate, Folin–Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide, 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin, and DPPH were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. The amyloid beta peptides (Aβ_25–35) were supplied by Genscript (Piscataway, NJ, USA).
Assay kits: A bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit was supplied by Thermofisher.
Cell Culture: The cell culture reagents and media were supplied by Biosera (Nuaille, France).