Binding to a panel of respiratory viruses was analyzed using a multiplex electrochemiluminescence assay including SARS-CoV-2 S, RBD, NTD, and N antigens, as well as SARS-CoV-1, MERS, OC43, and HKU1 S antigens and Influenza H3 antigen (V-PLEX COVID-19 Coronavirus Panel 1 [IgG, IgM, IgA] Kit, Meso Scale Discovery). SARS-CoV-2–specific Abs were further analyzed for binding to S antigen of several SARS-CoV-2 variants (V-PLEX SARS-CoV-2 Panel 23 [IgG] Kit, Meso Scale Discovery). For read-outs, we used the Meso Quickplex SQ 120 reader (Meso Scale Discovery).
Serum and plasma samples were analyzed at a 1:5,000 and/or 1:50,000 dilution, and mAbs were analyzed at 2–4 different concentrations, ranging from 0.01 μg/mL to 10 μg/mL. For analysis, binding signal was log transformed and normalized, using the normalize function in Prism (GraphPad), with the top binder set to 1.