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Typhoon fluorescence imager

Manufactured by GE Healthcare
Sourced in United States, Canada

The Typhoon fluorescence imager is a versatile imaging system designed for a variety of life science applications. It utilizes fluorescence detection technology to capture high-quality images of labeled samples, such as electrophoresis gels, microarrays, and blots. The Typhoon imager features multiple excitation wavelengths and can accommodate a range of sample formats, allowing researchers to analyze a wide variety of biological samples.

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9 protocols using typhoon fluorescence imager

1

Quantification of Smooth Muscle Actin

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hASMCs plated in 12 or 24 well plates, were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100, blocked with 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 1 hour, and incubated overnight with Cy3-conjgated SM α-actin antibody in 1% BSA at 4°C. Cellular DNA content was quantitated using SYBR green (AB systems) after incubation for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were washed with PBS and plates were imaged using a Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE Healthcare) after each incubation. Fluorescence was quantitated using ImageJ analytical software, and the ratio of α-actin to SYBR green detection was determined for each well of the plate.
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2

Protease Visualization in Cultured Cells

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Samples were collected and sonicated (1 min on ice) in citrate buffer (50mM Citrate buffer pH 5.5, 5 mM DDT, 0.5% CHAPS, 0.1% Triton X). After centrifugation at 4 degree C for 30 min, the supernatants were collected, and protein concentration was determined using a BCA kit (pierce). Protein (40 µg total) was denatured in SDS-sample buffer for 2 min at 100 °C and analyzed. Samples were resolved by SDS-PAGE (15%) and labeled proteases were visualized by scanning the gel with a Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE Healthcare).
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3

Crosslinking and SDS-PAGE Analysis of Eca Protein

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Crosslinking in detergent was performed by adding 0.125% glutaraldehyde to Eca at P:D ratio of 1.7 × 10−3, and it was quenched through the addition of 90 mM Tris (pH 8.0). Samples were analyzed by SDS-PAGE stained with Coomassie Blue. Crosslinking of the F177C Eca in liposomes (oxidized samples) was performed by adding 0.075 mM oxidized glutathione and 1.4 mM reduced glutathione to the proteoliposomes. Samples were freeze–thawed 3× and were incubated at 22 °C for 3 days. The reaction was quenched with 17 mM N-ethylmaleimide prior to SDS-PAGE analysis. Reduced samples were treated with 50 mM tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine prior to analysis. SDS-PAGE loading buffer contained no reducing agent, with a final SDS concentration of 2%. Gel was stained with SYPRO Ruby (Invitrogen) and was visualized via Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE Healthcare).
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4

Fluorescent Protein Visualization by SDS-PAGE

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SNAPf-tagged proteins derivatized with fluorophores were visualized by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by imaging fluorescence on a LAS 4000 or Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE Life Sciences).
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Intracellular Proteins

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After 2–6 h of infection time, flasks were washed three times with cold 1XHBSS to remove non-adherent sporozoites and oocysts. Cells were lysed and solubilized using RIPA lysis and extraction buffer (Life Technologies, Inc., Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with Halt protease and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (100X) (Life Technologies, Inc). Lysates were clarified by centrifugation at 13,000xg for 10 min at -9˚C, followed by quantification using BCA Protein Kit (Life Technologies, Inc.). Proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE using 4–15% Mini-PROTEAN® TGX™ precast gels (BioRad, Hercules, CA), and transferred onto a low fluorescence PVDF membrane. The membranes were then blocked by incubation in Odyssey Blocking Buffer (Li-Cor, Inc., Lincoln, NE) for 1 h followed by incubation with the appropriate antibody diluted in the blocking buffer overnight. Detection was done using ECL Plex Cy3 or Cy5 conjugate secondary antibodies (GE Healthcare, Noblesville, IN), followed by excitation with a Typhoon Fluorescence Imager (GE Healthcare). Generated images were quantified using Image J software. Experiments were performed on at least three separate occasions.
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6

Enrichment and Visualization of Synthetic RNA

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1 μg of total RNA from HEK293T cells was combined with 1 ng total RNA from S. pombe and enriched with MTS biotin exactly as in (29 (link)) or with MTS-resin as above. Enriched samples were assayed by RT-qPCR as above and fold enrichment was calculated as

An RNA ladder of 100–1000 nt was transcribed in vitro using the RNA Century Plus Marker Template and Maxiscript T7 transcription kit (Invitrogen) using Cy5-CTP at a ratio of 1:1 Cy5-CTP:CTP for downstream visualization, with the option of adding s4UTP (TriLink Biotechnologies) at a ratio of 1:1 s4UTP:UTP to the reaction. After the reaction, template DNA was digested with Turbo DNase (Thermo Fisher). Enzymes were removed by phenol-chloroform extraction and the RNA was purified using the RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN) with the following changes: β-mercaptoethanol was added to wash buffer RPE to a final concentration of 1%. 400 ng of RNA ladder was enriched with MTS-resin following the protocol described above, or with HPDP-biotin and MTS-biotin following protocols in (18 (link)). Enriched samples were separated on a 5% urea-PAGE gel, visualized by Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE), and bands were quantified using ImageJ software.
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7

s4U Enrichment and Purification Protocol

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Two fluorescently labeled RNAs were synthesized for s4U
enrichment: non-s4U 39-nt RNA (DY647 -
GGAACCGCCCGGAUAGUGUCCUUGGGAAACCAAGUCCGGGCACCA) and one s4U 39-nt RNA
(DY547 - GGAACCGCCCGGA(s4U)AGUGUCCUUGGGAAACCAAGUCCGGGCACCA)
(Dharmacon). Biotinylation reactions (50 μL total) contained RNA (1
μM), 10 mM HEPES [pH 7.5], 1 mM EDTA, and 25 μM
MTS- or HPDP-biotin (dissolved in DMF at 250 μM). Reactions were
incubated at room temperature in the dark for 30 min or 2 hr, respectively.
Following biotinylation, excess biotinylation reagenets were removed with two
consecutive chloroform washes, followed by purification with a nucleotide
cleanup kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
Biotinylated RNA was separated from non-labeled RNA using Dynabeads MyOne
Streptavidin C1 beads (Invitrogen). Biotinylated RNA was incubated with 50
μL Dynabeads with rotation for 1 hr at room temperature in the dark.
Beads were magnetically fixed and washed twice with Dynabeads high salt wash
buffer. s4U-RNA was eluted with 100 μL of elution buffer (10
mM Tris [pH 7.4] and 100 mM DTT). Fractions were concentrated by
ethanol precipitation, separated on a 12% urea-PAGE gel, and visualized
by Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE).
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8

Protein Expression Analysis Protocol

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Cells were lysed in boiling buffer56 and then sonicated; the protein concentration was measured on a NanoDrop One (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and then the volume was adjusted to bring the concentration to a consistent level across all samples. Total proteins were separated by SDS‐PAGE, and then the protein imprints were transferred to a PVDF membrane and blocked in 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h. The membrane was incubated overnight with the primary antibody at 4°C and then incubated with the secondary antibody for 3 h. ECF developing reagent (RPN5785, GE Healthcare, Boston, MA, USA) was diluted at the appropriate ratio with TBS, and the membrane was scanned on a Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE Healthcare).
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9

Profiling Lipid Hydrolase Activity

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Prewarmed leukocyte suspensions (37°C, 2 × 10 7 cells/ml) in HBSS containing 1.6mM CaCl 2 were incubated with DMSO, MAFP (10 μM), or JZL184 (10 μM) for 10 min. FP-TAMRA (3 μM) was then added for 30 min, and incubations were stopped using two volumes of ice-cold HBSS before transferring the samples in an ice-water bath. Samples were centrifuged (4°C, 350 × g, 5 min) and cell pellets were lysed and denatured using the same procedure as for immunoblots. Samples were loaded on a polyacrylamide gel, migrated and FP-TAMRAstained proteins were visualized using a Typhoon fluorescence imager (GE Healthcare, Toronto, ON, Canada). Enzyme sensitivity for the inhibitors was assessed by comparing the TAMRA fluorescence intensity with that of a labeled control without inhibitors.
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