Laemmli sample buffer

Pratol was purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay CEDEX, France). DMEM, fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin/streptomycin, trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and PD98059 were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), α-MSH, NaOH, MTT, radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer, and H-89 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and MITF were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). p-p38, p38, p-JNK, JNK, p-ERK, ERK, p-AKT, AKT, and β-actin antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). SP600125 and SB203580 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA), respectively. Enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) kit and 2× Laemmli sample buffer were obtained from Biosesang (Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea) and Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA, USA), respectively.

Tobramycin and kanamycin A were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin/streptomycin, trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, PD98059, and BCA kit were procured from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). α-MSH, NaOH, MTT, and kanamycin B were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, and MITF were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). Antibodies against p-p38, p38, p-JNK, JNK, p-ERK, ERK, p-AKT, AKT, and β-actin were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) kit, and 2× Laemmli sample buffer were obtained from Biosesang (Sungnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). SP600125 and SB203580 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA) and Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA); 2-DOS was obtained from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (Toronto, Ontario, Canada). EZ-LDH cell cytotoxicity assay kit was purchased from DoGenBio Co.,Ltd (Guro, Seoul, Korea).