Fgm 3

Ventricular normal human cardiac fibroblasts (NHCF-V) were procured from Lonza (NHCF-V; #CC-2904, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland) and maintained in Fibroblast Growth Medium-3 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (FGM3; #CC-4526, Lonza, Basel, Switzerland). Two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (LUAD), namely, H1792 and Calu6, were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA). The H1792 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 cell culture medium (Gibco, Thermo Fischer Scientific, USA) enriched with 10% FBS, 1% Glutamine, and 1% Penicillin, all sourced from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Conversely, Calu6 cells were maintained in MEM cell culture medium (Gibco, Thermo Fischer Scientific, USA), supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% Penicillin. All cultured cells were housed in a humidified incubator set at 37 ^∘C with 5% CO₂. Initially, each cell line was grown in its designated culture medium. Subsequently, all three cell lines were cultivated in the MEM medium. Treatments using 1 µM vinorelbine and 100 µM carboplatin were administered to all three cell lines for a duration of 48 h.

Normal human atrial cardiac fibroblasts (AHCFs) were purchased from Lonza (CC-2903) (Walkersville, MD, USA) and were maintained in culture using Fibroblasts Growth Medium-3 (FGM-3, Lonza, CC-4526). Cells were expanded until passage four and then used for experiments.