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11 protocols using 3 trimethylsilyl propionic 2 2 3 3 d4 acid sodium salt tsp d4

1

Quantitative NMR Analysis of Metabolites

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All 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded at 298 K on a Bruker Avance 500 spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm TCI triple-resonance cryoprobe (PRISM core facility, Rennes). 1H spectra were acquired with a 6 kHz spectral width, 32 K data points and a total repetition time of 6.73 s. 13C spectra were acquired using a proton power-gated decoupling sequence with a 30° flip angle, a 30 kHz spectral width, 64 K data points and a total repetition time of 3.08 s. The data were processed with Topspin software (Bruker Biospin). Before applying the Fourier transform, free induction decays of 1H spectra were treated with an exponential broadening of 0.3 Hz.
Samples were solubilized in D2O. 3-(Trimethylsilyl) propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4) (Sigma-Aldrich, United States) served as an internal reference for 1H and 13C chemical shifts. The relative concentration of trehalose, glutamate and glycine betaine in the samples was determined by the integration of the peaks’ areas of their 1H signals relative to the internal standard TMSP. Results are expressed as NMR relative units (RU).
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2

Astragaloside IV Compound Characterization

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Astragaloside IV (purity ≥99%) was obtained from Shanghai Winherb Medical Technology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Deuterium oxide (D2O, 99.9% atom %D) and 3-(trimethylsilyl)-propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4, 98% atom %D) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Lysophosphatidylcholine (12 : 0) and phosphatidylcholine (11 : 0/11 : 0) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Birmingham, AL, USA).
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3

HPLC-Based Ginsenoside Isolation and Characterization

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HPLC-grade acetonitrile, methanol, and water were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Formic acid, deuterium oxide (D2O), and 3-(trimethylsilyl) propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The ginsenosides were isolated and purified from P. ginseng roots by a series of chromatography procedures in our laboratory, and their structures were elucidated by comparison of spectroscopic data (MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR) with the literature data: ginsenoside Rb1, Ra2, Ra3, Rc, Ra1, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, F2, Rg3, Rh2, compound K, 20-O-glucoginsenoside Rf, ginsenoside Rg1, Rg2, Re, Rf, Rh1, notoginsenoside R2, ginsenoside F1, Rg6, Rk1, Ro, and Rk3, ginsenoside F4, Rh4, and Rg5 [8 (link)]. The purity of the isolated compounds was determined to be more than 98% by normalization of the peak areas detected by HPLC analysis.
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4

Deuterium Oxide-based NMR Protocol

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Deuterium oxide (D2O, 99% in D) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., (Andover, MA, USA). Potassium phosphate dibasic (K2HPO4, ACS grade reagent), sodium phosphate monobasic (anhydrous), hydrochloric acid (HCl, ACS grade reagent), sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, HPLC grade), and 3-trimethylsilyl propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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5

Scutellarin Tablets and Injection Analysis

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Deuterium oxide (D2O, 99.9%), 3-(trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4, 98% deuterated), methanol, and acetonitrile were purchased from Sigma (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide-d6 (DMSO-d6, 99.9% deuterated) was obtained from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc. (CIL Inc., Andover, MA, USA). DMSO was acquired from Solarbio Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). Ultra-pure water used in the experiments was purified by a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA).
The reference of scutellarin was purchased from Chengdu Pufeide Biotech Co., Ltd (Szechwan, China). The purity of the standard was above 98%.
Tablets were obtained from Yunnan Bio Valley Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (Yunnan, China), Yunnan Bio Valley Long-kang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (Yunnan, China, commissioned production by Yunnan Bio Valley Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd), Yunnan Baiyao Group XingZhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (Yunnan, China), and Yunnan Rainbow Pharmaceutical Group Yuxi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (Yunnan, China). Tablets were labeled as T-BV, T-BVLK-1, T-BVLK-2, T-XZ-1, T-XZ-2, T-YX-1, or T-YX-2, respectively. The injectable form was purchased from ShiYao YinHu Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd (Shanxi, China) and was designated as I-SY.
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6

NMR Characterization of Metabolic Profiles

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All 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded at 298 K on a Bruker Advance 500 spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm TCI triple-resonance cryoprobe (PRISM core facility, Rennes, France). 1H spectra were acquired with a 6 kHz spectral width, 32 K data points and a total repetition time of 6.73 s. 13C spectra were acquired using a proton power-gated decoupling sequence with a 30° flip angle, a 30 kHz spectral width, 64 K data points and a total repetition time of 3.08 s. The data were processed with Topspin software (Bruker Biospin, Wissembourg, France). Before applying the Fourier transform, free induction decays of 1H spectra were treated with an exponential broadening of 0.3 Hz.
Samples were solubilized in D2O. 3-(trimethylsilyl) propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4) (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) served as an internal reference for 1H and 13C chemical shifts.
The relative concentration of trehalose, glutamate, proline, and glycine betaine in the samples was determined by integration of their 1H signals. Results are expressed as NMR relative units (RU) reported to one unit of optical density (equivalent to 1 mL of culture at an OD of 1).
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7

Analytical Characterization of Chinese Herbal Medicine

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Fructose (purity ≥ 99.8%), D-glucose anhydrous (purity ≥ 99.9%), sucrose (purity ≥ 99.8%) and maltose (purity ≥ 99.8%) were purchased from National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (Beijing, China), and their chemical structures were shown in Figure 1. 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP, analytical grade and purity ≥ 99.5%) was obtained from Tianjin kemio Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). Absolute ethanol (analytical grade) was purchased from Tianjin Zhiyuan Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). HPLC-grade acetonitrile and methanol were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Deuterium oxide (D2O, 99.9 atom % D), methanol-d4 (CD3OD, 99.8 atom % D), and 3-(Trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4, 98 atom % D) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Trading Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). YQFM samples of 10 batches (20190409, 20190514, 20190707, 20190906, 20191101, 20201005, 20200809, 20201105, 20210810 and 20210909) were obtained from Tianjin Tasly Pride Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China), numbered S1~S10.
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8

NMR Analysis of Bacterial Osmoprotectants

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Osmoprotectants were then identified and quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as previously described for other bacteria. All 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded at 298 K on a Bruker Avance 500 spectrometer equipped with a 5-mm TCI triple-resonance cryoprobe (PRISM Core Facility, Rennes). 1H spectra were acquired with a 6-kHz spectral width, 32 K data points, and a total repetition time of 6.73 s. 13C spectra were acquired using a proton power-gated decoupling sequence with a 30° flip angle, a 30-kHz spectral width, 64 K data points, and a total repetition time of 3.08 s. The data were processed with Topspin software (Bruker Biospin). Before applying the Fourier transform, free induction decays of 1H spectra were treated with an exponential broadening of 0.3 Hz.
Samples were solubilized in D2O (Sigma-Aldrich, USA). 3-(Trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) served as an internal reference for 1H and 13C chemical shifts. The relative concentration of trehalose, glutamate, and glycine betaine in the samples was determined by the integration of the peaks areas of their 1H signals relative to the internal standard TMSP.
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9

Sulforaphane and TSP-d4 Procurement

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Sulforaphane was purchased from LKT Laboratories, Inc. (St. Paul, MN, USA) and 3-(trimethylsilyl) propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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10

NMR Analysis of Cheese Samples

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3-(trimethylsilyl) propionic-2,2,3,3-d4 acid sodium salt (TSP-d4) and deuterium oxide (D2O) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co (St. Louis, MO, USA). For NMR analysis, each cheese sample weighing 20 mg added into a 4 mm NMR nanotube followed by addition of 20 μL of 2 mM TSP-d4 solution in D2O.
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