Erc refractomax 521

For quantification of free sugars, high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Dionex Ultimate 3000, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) coupled to refractive index detection (ERC Refractomax 521, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) was used. Sugar separations were performed on a Rezex RPM-Monosaccharide Pb²⁺ column (Phenomenex Ltd., Germany) using water as mobile phase and a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min at 85 °C. The sugars were identified and quantified using sugar standards and subsequently generated calibration curves and the Chromeleon™ software (Version 6.8, Dionex, Germany).

Mono- and disaccharides were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to refractive index detection (ERC Refractomax 521, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Sugar separations were performed on a Rezex RPM-Monosaccharide Pb²⁺ column (Phenomenex Ltd., Germany) with water as mobile phase at a constant flow rate of 0.6 mL/min at 85 °C and 20 μL of injection volume. For identification and quantification of the respective sugars, sugar standards were used and the calibration curves were generated with the Chromeleon^TM software (version 6.8, Dionex, Germany).