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5 protocols using luperox di

1

Coupling Bio-propane and Bio-iso-butane to High Octane Gasoline

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Example 6

This example illustrates the general procedure for coupling propane and iso-butane from bio sources using DTBP to form high octane gasoline.

In a 300 cc autoclave the following are loaded: 50 cc of bio-propane, 50 cc of bio-iso-butane (Airgas, instrument grade) and 56 g of DTBP (trade name Luperox DI from Aldrich Chemicals, 98%). The autoclave is sealed, connected to a gas manifold, and pressurized with 600 psig nitrogen. The reactor content is heated under stirring (500 rpm) at a rate of 2° C./min to 150° C. and held for 4 hours. The heat is turned off and the autoclave allowed to cool down to room temperature. A sample is taken and analyzed by GC, showing complete conversion of DTBP. The autoclave is opened and the reactor content collected at the end of the run, recovering the materials loaded. The products are analyzed by GC. The run is repeated using different loadings of DTBP.

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2

High Octane Gasoline Synthesis via DTBP

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Example 5

This example illustrates the general procedure for coupling propane, iso-butane, and iso-pentane using DTBP to form high octane gasoline. In a 300 cc autoclave the following are loaded: 33 cc of propane, 34 cc of iso-butane, and 33 cc of iso-pentane (Airgas, instrument grade) and 56 g of DTBP (trade name Luperox DI from Aldrich Chemicals, 98%). The autoclave is sealed, connected to a gas manifold, and pressurized with 600 psig nitrogen. The reactor content is heated under stirring (500 rpm) at a rate of 2° C./min to 150° C. and held for 4 hours. The heat is turned off and the autoclave allowed to cool down to room temperature. A sample is taken and analyzed by GC, showing complete conversion of DTBP. The autoclave is opened and the reactor content collected at the end of the run, recovering the materials loaded. The products are analyzed by GC. The run is repeated using different loadings of DTBP.

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3

High Octane Gasoline Synthesis

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Example 4

This example illustrates the general procedure for coupling propane and iso-pentane using DTBP to form high octane gasoline. In a 300 cc autoclave the following are loaded: 50 cc of propane, 50 cc of iso-pentane (Airgas, instrument grade) and 56 g of DTBP (trade name Luperox DI from Aldrich Chemicals, 98%). The autoclave is sealed, connected to a gas manifold, and pressurized with 600 psig nitrogen. The reactor content is heated under stirring (500 rpm) at a rate of 2° C./min to 150° C. and held for 4 hours. The heat is turned off and the autoclave allowed to cool down to room temperature. A sample is taken and analyzed by GC, showing complete conversion of DTBP. The autoclave is opened and the reactor content collected at the end of the run, recovering the materials loaded. The products are analyzed by GC. The run is repeated using different loadings of DTBP.

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4

Isosorbide Dimethacrylate Synthesis

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Sorbitol (D-glucitol, 98%) used for the synthesis of isosorbide was purchased from Fichema s.r.o. (Brno, Czech Republic). The catalyst for the dehydration (para-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA), monohydrate, 98%, for synthesis) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methacrylic anhydride (94%, for synthesis) used for the modification of isosorbide to isosorbide dimethacrylate was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Other chemicals used in the described syntheses, namely potassium acetate (p.a.) as catalyst and sodium hydroxide (p.a.) as neutralizing agent, were obtained from PENTA s.r.o. (Prague, Czech Republic). Initiators for the curing experiments such as Luperox® DI, tert-Butyl peroxide (for synthesis), or phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (BAPO, 97%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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5

Monoclonal Antibody Immunodetection Protocol

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Monoclonal Anti-Actin antibody, Sudan Black, Prussian Blue, sodium pantothenate, Luperox® DI (tert-Butyl peroxide), deferiprone, and trypsin were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). Mitosox TM , MitoTracker Red CMXRos, DAPI and Hoechst 3342, were purchased from Invitrogen/Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR).
Anti-cytochrome c antibodies and anti-MAP2 were purchased from PharMingen (BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA). Anti-transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), anti-ferritin light-chain, anti-divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), NFS1, Anti-PANK1 and anti-PANK2 were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA). Anti-Iron-responsive element-binding protein 1 (IRP-1), anti-Tau clone HT7 and anti-PANK3 were purchased from Thermo-Fisher (Waltham, MA). OxyBlot Protein Oxidation Detection Kit was acquired from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). MitoPeDPP was purchased from Dojindo Molecular Technologies, Inc. (Rockville, MD). A cocktail of protease inhibitors (complete cocktail) was purchased from Boehringer Mannheim (Indianapolis, IN). The Immun Star HRP substrate kit was from Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc. (Hercules, CA).
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