Hexokinase reagent kit

All metabolic disease risk variables were measured at baseline (pre-intervention) and week 8. Post-treatment measurements were made within 24–48 h of the cessation of the intervention. Twelve-hour fasting blood samples were collected between 6 am and 9 am. The subjects were instructed to avoid exercise, alcohol, and coffee for 24 h before each visit. Blood pressure was measured in triplicate using a digital automatic monitor (Omron HEM 705 LP, Kyoto, Japan) with the subject in a seated position after a 10-min rest. Fasting plasma LDL cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, HbA1c concentrations were measured by a commercial lab (Medstar, Chicago, IL). Fasting glucose concentrations were measured with a hexokinase reagent kit (Abbott, South Pasadena, CA). Fasting insulin was assessed as total immunoreactive insulin (Coat-A-Count Insulin, Los Angeles, CA). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated using the HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessment) method, by applying the following formula: [HOMA-IR = Fasting insulin (μlU/ml) × Fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 405]. Circulating inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IL-6, and the oxidative stress marker, 8-isoprostane, were measured by ELISA (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN; Cayman Chemical Company; Ann Arbor, MI, respectively) on a Bio Rad Microplate reader (Bio-Rad Laboratories; Hercules, CA).

All metabolic disease risk variables were measured at baseline and week 12. Twelve-hour fasting blood samples were collected between 6.00 am and 9.00 am on the morning of a feast day. The subjects were instructed to avoid exercise, alcohol, and coffee for 24 h before each visit. Fasting plasma total cholesterol, direct LDL cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides concentrations were measured by a commercial lab (Medstar, Chicago, IL). Fasting glucose concentrations were measured with a hexokinase reagent kit (Abbott, South Pasadena, CA). Fasting insulin was assessed as total immunoreactive insulin (Coat-A-Count Insulin, Los Angeles, CA). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated using the HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessment) method, by applying the following formula: [HOMA-IR = Fasting insulin (μlU/ml) × Fasting glucose (mg/dL) / 405]. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured in triplicate using a digital automatic blood pressure/heart rate monitor (Omron HEM 705 LP, Kyoto, Japan) with the subject in a seated position after a 10-min rest.