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6 protocols using ab129202

1

Immunohistochemical Profiling of Immune Cells

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Four-µm-thick tissue sections prepared from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples were deparaffinized in xylene twice for 10 min each and rehydrated in a graded ethanol series for 10 min each. After blocking endogenous peroxidase by 3% hydrogen peroxide and antigen retrieval by 14 min of microwave heating in EDTA buffer (pH 7.4), the samples were incubated with primary antibodies against CD8 (1:400, ab199016, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), CD103 (1:200, ab129202, Abcam), and CD69 (1:200, bs-2499R, Bioss, Woburn, MA, USA) overnight at 4 °C, and then incubated with peroxidase-linked secondary antibody for 30 min at room temperature. The samples were immersed in 3, 3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and counterstained with Mayer’s hematoxylin, followed by dehydration in a graded ethanol series for 10 min each. After mounting, the samples were subjected to microscopic observation. For fluorescence immunohistochemical staining for CD8 and CD103, Alexa 488 Anti-mouse (1:500, A11017, Invitrogen, Tokyo, Japan) or Alexa 647 Anti-Rabbit (1:500, A21245, Invitrogen) was used as the secondary antibody, and DAPI (D21490, FluoroPure™ grade, Invitrogen) was used for DNA staining.
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Liver Tissue

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According to the procedure described previously (27 (link)), formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver tissues were used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence with the primary antibodies targeting at CD103, CD8, TGF-β, IL-15 (all anti-human, ab129202, ab17147, ab170874, ab55276, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), and FGL1 (anti-human, ab275091, Abcam; anti-mouse, 16000-1-AP, Proteintech, San Diego, CA, USA). Then information of antibodies could be found in the Supplementary table. For the quantification of IHC data in Cohort 1, five areas of each liver section were randomly selected and assessed by two independent observers. The expression of CD103+ were evaluated by calculating the number of each high-magnification field of view. The expression of FGL1 in cohort 1 was scored from 0 to 4 according to its staining density, which was averaged from five captured high-powered field. A tissue microarray (TMA) of 80 HCC tissues from cohort 2 was employed to assess the prognostic value of CD103 and FGL-1 according to the elaborated survival data. We quantified the expression of CD103 and FGL1 in each patient in TMA by measuring the number of positive cells per area (28 (link)). Confocal scans were performed using an LSM-710 laser scanning confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany).
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3

Immunohistochemical Analysis of TILs in HNSCC

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Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks from salvage surgery and representative hematoxylin and eosin stained slides were assessed for ≥ 70% tumor cellularity by a head and neck pathologist (Jonathan B. McHugh). A tissue microarray (TMA) was subsequently constructed with triplicate 0.7 mm diameter cores from each patient [19 (link)].
TMAs were stained for CD4+, CD8+, and CD103+ TILs on arrays constructed as previously described [9 (link)]. Briefly, 5-micron tissue sections were incubated overnight in a 65°C oven, then deparaffinized and rehydrated with stepwise xylene, graded alcohols, and buffer immersion. Heat-induced epitope retrieval was then performed, followed by incubation of the slides in a preheated pressure cooker with citrate buffer (pH6) or tris-EDTA buffer (pH9) and horse serum. Immunohistochemical staining was done with a DAKO autostainer using liquid streptavidin-biotinylated horseradish peroxidase complex and DBA (DAKO labeled avidin-biotin-peroxidase kits, ThermoFisher Scientific) as chromogens, as previously described [9 (link)]. Deparaffinized sections were stained with monoclonal antibodies at the following titrations: CD103–1:500 (Abcam Ab129202); CD4–1:250 (Abcam Ab846); CD8–1:40 (Nova Castra VP-C320). TMA slides were digitally imaged, scanned, and retrieved with Aperio ImageScope v.12 software (Leica Biosystems).
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4

Dual Immunohistochemistry for CD103 and CD8A

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The TMAs of the Zhongshan cohort were constructed as previously described.19 (link) Dual immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed. Briefly, the TMA slides were dewaxed in an oven and treated with water bath-heated xylene and graded alcohols. The slides were heated in sodium citrate buffer (0.01 M sodium citrate buffer, pH = 6) for 15 min for antigen retrieval. Normal goat serum blocking solution was applied for 20 min at 37 °C. Then, anti-CD103 antibody (Abcam, ab129202, diluted at 1:300) was applied for 2 h at 37 °C. After the primary antibody incubation, a general two-step kit detection system was used (HRP, Mo/Ra; ZSGB Biotech, PV-9000) with DAB. The slides were washed again and incubated with anti-CD8A primary antibody (Abcam, ab199016, diluted at 1:1500) overnight at 4 °C. TMA slides were subsequently washed, incubated with AP-labelled secondary antibody and stained with Vector Blue (Vector Blue AP Substrate Kit detection system; Vector Labs, SK-5300). Finally, the sections were washed, dehydrated and mounted. For immunofluorescence staining, the sections were incubated with the primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Then, samples were incubated with FITC-conjugated and TRITC-conjugated secondary antibodies for 2 h at 37 °C. Finally, the slides were mounted with anti-fade mounting solution containing DAPI. The slides were captured using a Leica DMi8 microscope.
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5

Immunohistochemical Analysis of PD-L1 in Salvage Laryngectomy Specimens

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A tissue microarray (TMA) of salvage laryngectomy tumor specimens was constructed, as previously described [7 (link),8 (link)]. We previously performed and reported immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for specific TIL subsets (i.e., CD4+, CD8+, and CD103+) using our lab’s established heat-induced epitope retrieval protocol and the following monoclonal antibodies: CD103–1:500 (Abcam Ab129202); CD4–1:250 (Abcam Ab486); CD8–1:40 (Novocastra VP-C320) [7 (link),8 (link)]. Here, we performed IHC staining on independent TMA slides for PD-L1 content using the automated PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx kit (Agilent), according to manufacturer’s instructions [12 ]. This clinical PD-L1 assay is an FDA-approved companion diagnostic for Keytruda® (Merck & Co., Inc.) and has been employed in several pivotal trials of pembrolizumab for treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [3 (link),13 (link)].
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6

Multiparameter Immunofluorescence Imaging

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Cryosections were fixed with 4 % paraformaldehyde and blocked with avidin/biotin blocking reagent (Vector Laboratories) and protein-blocking reagent (Roth). The sections were incubated with antibodies against CD4 (RPA-T4), CD8 (RPA-T8, both BD; polylonal, abcam), E-Cadherin (36/E, BD), Foxp3 (236A/E7, eBioscience), αE integrin (ab129202, Abcam), CD11c (BU15, AbD Serotec), CD69 (FN50, BD), CD123 (6H6, eBioscience), CD141 (Qbend/40, AbD Serotec), vedolizumab and etrolizumab surrogate followed by fluorescent-or biotin-labeled secondary antibodies (Vectorlabs and Merck). If applicable, slides were treated with Dylight488-or Cy3-conjugated streptavidin (Biolegend). Nuclei were counterstained with Hoechst reagent (molecular probes) and samples were analyzed by fluorescence confocal microscopy (LSM SP8, Leica). Single and double positive cells in at least three high power fields were counted.
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