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Anti cox4 antibody

Manufactured by Abcam
Sourced in United Kingdom

The Anti-COX4 antibody is a laboratory reagent used in biochemical and cell biology research. It is designed to specifically bind and detect the COX4 protein, which is a subunit of the Cytochrome c Oxidase complex, a critical component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This antibody can be used to study the expression, localization, and function of COX4 in various cell and tissue samples.

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5 protocols using anti cox4 antibody

1

Immunofluorescent Imaging of SHLP2 in HEK293 Cells

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HEK293 cells cultured on coverslips were transiently transfected with WT or K4R SHLP2-EGFP for 36 hr and were cultured on coverslips and then fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 min at room temperature. After fixation, the cells were permeabilized with 0.2% Triton X-100 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 10 minutes at room temperature and were blocked in PBS containing 0.2% Triton X-100 and 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were then incubated with mouse anti-Tom20 antibody (1:100; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) in PBS containing 0.2% Triton X-100 and 1% BSA at 4 °C overnight. After three washes with PBS, the cells were further incubated with Alexa Fluor 568-conjugated donkey anti-mouse IgG (1:200; Invitrogen) in PBS containing 0.2% Triton X-100 and 1% BSA for 1 hour at room temperature in dark. Nuclei were stained for 5 minutes at room temperature in PBS containing Hoechst 33258 (2 mg/ml; Invitrogen). Coverslips were mounted with ProLong Gold antifade reagent (Invitrogen). Images were acquired with a Keyence microscope (Keyence corporation of America, Itasca, IL). For immunostaining of COX IV antibody, fixed and permeabilized cells were incubated with anti-COX IV antibody (1:200; abcam) and Alexa Fluor 448-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG (1:200; Invitrogen).
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2

Quantifying Mitochondrial Protein Levels

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Cells with and without CCCP treatment were fixed with 4% formaldehyde for 20 minutes at room temperature. Following fixation, cells were permeabilized in PBS-T buffer (0.1% Triton in PBS) for 10 min and blocked in blocking buffer (5% normal goat serum in PBT) for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were incubated overnight at 4˚C with anti-COX IV antibody (Abcam) and anti-HSP60 antibody (Abcam) 1/1000 diluted in blocking buffer. Cells were washed three 5 min in PBS-T (0.05% Tween20 in PBS) then incubated with goat anti-mouse IgG antibody conjugated to an IRdye at 680CW (Li-COR Biosciences) for 1 h at room temperature. Cells were washed three 5 min in PBS-T and mounted on slides with ProLong™ Diamond Antifade Mountant with DAPI (Thermo Fisher). Slides were analyzed using Zeiss LSM 700 confocal microscope. Fluorescence intensities were quantified with Image J software.
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3

Immunostaining of Single Muscle Fibers

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Staining of single fibers was performed as previously described with slight modifications [23 (link)]. Briefly, ∼20 μg of quadriceps muscle was fixed by immersion in ice-cooled 4% formaldehyde for 4 h and long-term stored in 50% glycerol (diluted in PBS) at −20 °C. Single fibers were then teased from the muscles with fine forceps and transferred to immunobuffer (50 mM glycine, 0.25% bovine serum albumin (BSA), 0.03% saponin and 0.05% sodium azide in PBS) After isolation, a minimum of 30 muscle fibers were incubated overnight with an anti-COX4 antibody (#16056, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) in immunobuffer containing 0.5% saponin and, after 3 washes with immunobuffer, single muscle fibers were incubated for 2 h with a secondary antibody conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 (Invitrogen, UK). A negative ctrl was performed with fibers not exposed to the primary antibody. The muscle fibers were mounted in Vectashield mounting medium.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Acetylation

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Protein samples were separated by 8%–12% SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (Millipore). After blocking with 5% milk in TBST for 1h, the membranes were incubated overnight at 4°C with primary antibodies. Subsequently, membranes were washed and incubated with secondary antibodies (1:10,000) and detected using the chemiluminescence method. The intensity of the bands was quantified by ImageJ software. Antibodies included anti-NLRP3 antibody (1:1,000, CST), anti-GSDMD antibody (1:1,000, Abcam), anti-N-GSDMD antibody (1:1,000, Abcam), anti-Capspase-1 p20 antibody (1:1,000, AdipoGen), anti-4-HNE antibody (1:1,000, Abcam), anti-HDAC3 antibody (1:1,000, Proteintech), anti-HADHA antibody (1:1,000, Abcam), anti-Ace-lys antibody (1:1,000, Abcam), anti-H3 antibody (1:1,000, Proteintech), anti-COX4 antibody (1:1,000, Abcam), anti-PCNA antibody (1:1,000, Abcam). Anti-GAPDH (1:5,000, Invitrogen) was used as an internal control.
For acetylation-immunoprecipitation, cells were lysed with immunoprecipitation buffer [supplemented with TSA (10 mM)] and sonicated. The samples were immunoprecipitated with protein A/G beads (Sigma) overnight at 4°C, washed three times in lysis buffer, resolved by loading buffer, and analyzed by Western blotting.
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5

Quantifying Mitochondrial Mass by Imaging

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Mitochondrial mass was assayed by staining the mitochondria with MitoTracker Orange (Thermo Fisher Scientific) or anti-COX4 antibody (Abcam) as described in the immunofluorescence section. The number of mitochondria was estimated by counting the number of MitoTracker Orange or COX4 positive spots per area of cytoplasm using Operetta-High Content Imaging System (Perkin Elmer) and analyzed by the Harmony Software.
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