2 methacryloyloxy ethyl dimethyl 3 sulfopropyl ammonium hydroxide sbma

[2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide (SBMA), 2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (98%), and poly (ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA, MW = 550 Da) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (MO, USA). Poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEG, MW = 475 Da) was obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). A hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) stain kit, BCA assay kit, and Masson’s trichrome (MTS) stain kit were purchased from Beyotime (Beijing, China). Collagen I (ab21286), collagen III (ab7778), laminin (ab11575), fibronectin (ab268020), CD31 (ab28364), VEGF (ab39256), CD68 (ab955), CD163 (ab182422), sQSTM1/p62 (ab56416), TNF-α (ab9755), goat anti-rabbit IgG Alexa Fluor® 647 (ab150083), and goat anti-mouse IgG Alexa Fluor 488® (ab150113) were obtained from Abcam (CA, UK). Matrix metallopeptidase2 (MMP-2) (384993) and laminin (383353) were obtained from Zenbio (Chengdu, China). Microtubule-associated one protein light chain 3 (LC3, L7543) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. PI3K (4228), p-PI3K (4257), AKT (4691), p-AKT (4060), mTOR (2983), and p-mTOR (5536) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technologies (Beverly, MA, USA). The RIPA lysis buffer was purchased from GE Healthcare Biosciences (PA, USA). The DAB Chromogen Kit was purchased from ZSGB-BIO (Beijing, China).

PDMS materials included
Sylgard 184 (Dow,
Midland, MI) and reinforced medical grade PDMS (0.1 in. thickness,
Bentec Medical, Inc., Woodland, CA). Benzophenone, acetone, [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium
hydroxide (SBMA), poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA) with
an average molecular weight of 500, paraformaldehyde, collagenase,
Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), DMEM/F12,
phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and l-glutamine were obtained
from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). 3-{[2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethylammonio}propionate
(CBMA) was purchased from TCI Chemicals (Portland, OR). PEG dimethacrylate
(PEGDMA) with an average molecular weight of 400 for the PEG block
(Polysciences, Warrington, PA) was used as the cross-linking molecule
for the zwitterionic thin films. Recombinant antivimentin antibody
and anti-F4/80 antibody were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA).
DAPI-containing mounting medium, recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage
colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and
TrypLE Express were acquired from Gibco (Waltham, MA). 488 goat antirabbit
secondary antibody, 546 goat antirat secondary antibody, fluorescently
labeled fibrinogen Alexa 546, Irgacure 2959, and glass coverslips
were obtained from Thermo Fisher. An Omnicure S1500 lamp (Lumen Dynamics,
Mississauga, Canada) was used for photocuring and photografting.

4‐Mercaptobenzoic acid (technical grade 90%, C₇H₆O₂S, chemical abstracts service (CAS) No. 1074368), iodine plates (CAS No. 7553562), ethanol (C₂H₅OH, CAS No. 64175), trimethylamine (C₃H₉N, CAS No. 75‐50‐3), sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃, CAS No. 7772987), N,N‐dimethylacetamide (C₄H₉NO, CAS No. 127195), l‐cystine (C₆H₁₂N₂O₄S₂, CAS No. 56893), methacrylic anhydride (C₈H₁₀O₃, CAS No. 760930), thionyl chloride (SOCl₂, CAS No, 7719097), and [2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl‐(3‐sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (SBMA, CAS No. 3637261) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Hydrochloric acid (HCl; CAS No. 7637010) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH; CAS No. 1310732) were purchased from Riedel‐de Haën (Germany). Ammonium persulfate ((NH₄)₂S₂O₈) was purchased from J.T. Baker (New Jersey, USA).