Bel 7402

The human HCC cell line BEL/FU and the parent cell line BEL-7402 were obtained from KeyGen Biotech Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China). The BEL/FU cells and BEL-7402 cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 (Biological Industries, Israel) containing 10% foetal bovine serum (Biological Industries, Israel). The HCC-LM3 cell line was provided by the Cell Bank of the Shanghai Institutes of Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences and cultured in DMEM high glucose medium (Biological Industries, Israel) with 10% foetal bovine serum (Biological Industries, Israel). SK-Hep-1 cells were provided by the China Center for Type Culture Collection and cultured in DMEM containing 10% foetal bovine serum at 5% CO₂ and 37 °C. EBSS (Gibco) was used to provide starvation conditions. CQ (Selleck, USA) and 3-MA (Selleck, USA) were used to block autophagy. Verteporfin, 5-Fu, and DOX were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, USA).

Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, SW620, HT29, SW480, HCT15, T84, RKO), and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (SMMC7721, HepG2, Bel7402), HEK293T, and RAW264.7 were purchased from the Type Culture Collection of Chinese Academy of Sciences (TCCCAS), Shanghai, China during the period from 2016 to 2018. All cell lines were authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling by TCCCAS before being purchased. HCT116, SW620, HT29, SW480, HCT15, and RKO cell lines were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium (Biological Industries, Kibbutz Beit-Haemek, Israel). SMMC7721, HepG2, Bel7402, HEK293T, and RAW264.7 cell lines were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, Biological Industries). T84 was cultured in DMEM/F12 (1:1) medium (Gibco). All media were supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS, Biological Industries) and 1% (v/v) penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco) in a 37 °C incubator containing 5% CO₂.