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131 protocols using ethylene glycol

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Salbutamol

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Ethyleneglycol, anhydrous ethanol, sodium acetate anhydrous, iron(iii) chloride hexahydrate, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), concentrated ammonium aqueous solution (25 wt%), sodium citrate, silver nitrate, sodium nitrite, hydrochloric acid, sodium carbonate, acetonitrile, potassium chloride and sodium chloride were purchased from the Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Salbutamol (SAL), sulfanilic acid, 2,2′-benzidinedisulfonic acid, clenbuterol hydrochloride, l-lysine monohydrate, aminoacetic acid, glycerol and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) contained NaCl (100 mM) and 10 mM Na2HPO4/KH2PO4, were bought from Aladdin Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Deionized water (Millipore) with a resistivity of 18 MΩ cm was used in all experiments.
2.39 mg SAL was dissolved in 10 mL methanol (1.0 × 10−3 M) and kept in the dark at 4 °C as stock solution. Then its standard solution was obtained by diluting the stock solution to the desired concentration with distilled water.
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2

Synthesis of MWCNT-based Electrocatalysts

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Pristine MWCNTs with an average diameter of 20–40 nm were obtained from Shenzhen Nanotech Port Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, China). Aniline was purchased from Shantou Xilong Chemical Engineering Factory (Guangdong, China), which was purified via double distillation and stored in a refrigerator prior to use. 2,5-Dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMcT), chloroplatinic acid, ammonium persulfate (APS), methanol and ethylene glycol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Nafion (5 wt%) was purchased from Aldrich, and diluted 0.05 wt% Nafion solution was prepared with absolute ethanol. Ultra-pure N2 was used for the deaeration of the electrolytes. Other chemicals were of analytical grade and used as received.
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3

Fabrication of Multifunctional Polymer Composites

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2.1. Reagents 3-(Methacryloxyl) propyl trimethoxysilane (KH-570, 98%), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA, 98%), 2,2 0 -azobis (isobutyronitrile) (AIBN, 99%), tetracycline (TC, analytical standard), amoxicillin (AMO, Z98%), levofloxacin (LEV, 95%), doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX, 98%), rhodamine B (RhB, Z99.0%), oxytetracycline (OTC, Z98%), and chlorotetracycline hydrochloride (CTC, analytical standard) were all purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF, Z99.5%), methacrylic acid (MAA, Z99.0%), tetrahydrofuran (THF, Z99.8%), toluene (Z99.5%), ethylene glycol (Z99.0%), 4-carboxy-3-fluorophenylboronic acid (98%), thionyl chloride (Z99.0%), N-carboxybenzyloxy-1,2diaminoethane hydrochloride (98.0%), Na2CO3 (Z99.8%), trimethylammonium (99%), acrylic chloride (97%), halloysite nanotubes (HNTs, 99%), Fe (NO3)3•9H2O (Z98.5%) and acetone (Z99.0%) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Double-distilled ultrapure water was purified with a Purelab ultra (Organo, Tokyo, Japan).
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4

Synthesis of Graphite Oxide-Based Nanocomposites

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Graphite oxide (GO) was supplied by Shenzhen Matterene Tech Co., Ltd (Shenzhen, China). Ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), cobalt chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2·6H2O), urea, ethylene glycol, diglycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K30), ammonium hydroxide and ethanol were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, China. And p-phenylenediamine was bought from Aladdin Bio-Chem Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China. Deionized water was used throughout the experiments.
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5

Evaluating Huashi Pill for Renal Stones

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The SD rats were divided into a normal control group (NC group, n=10), renal stone group (Model group, n=10, intragastrically administrated with 1% ethylene glycol (SinoPharm Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China), 2% ammonium chloride (BBI Life Sci., Shanghai, China) and 10% calcium gluconate (Sangon Biotech, Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) 1 time per day for 28 days), Positive control group (intragastrically administrated with potassium sodium hydrogen citrate granules (Madaus AG, Koln, Germany) at concentration of 0.6 g/kg weight body, n=10), low-dosage Huashi Pill (Low-Huashi Pill group, intragastrically administrated with Huashi Pill (Qingdao Gla Dandong Pharm Co., Ltd., Ge’ermu, China) at concentration of 0.01 g/kg weight body, n=10), medium-dosage Huashi Pill (Medium-Huashi Pill group, intragastrically administrated with 0.02 g/kg weight body, n=10) and high-dosage Huashi Pill (High-Huashi Pill group, intragastrically administrated with 0.04 g/kg weight body, n=10).
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6

Synthesis of Multifunctional Mesoporous Silica Materials

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Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), potassium chloride, potassium ferricyanide, sodium acetate, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, perfluorinated sulfonic acid ester (Nafion), sodium chloride and ethylene glycol (EG) were purchased from the Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). A triblock copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(-ethylene glycol) (Pluronic P123 with a molecular weight of 5800, EO20PO70EO20) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (ST Louis, MO, USA) and used as the structure-directing template. N-butyl alcohol was purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). The stock solutions of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+ (1000 mg/L in 5 wt. % HNO3) were purchased from NACIS (Qingdao, China). All chemical reagents were of analytical grade.
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7

Fabrication of Multifunctional Nanocarriers

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Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), sodium periodate, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTES), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), dextrin (from maize starch) and ethylene glycol (EG) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Cystamine dihydrochloride (cystamine·2HCl, >98%) was purchased from Macklin Reagent Company. 2,5-Diphenyl-3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl) tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Doxorubicin hydrochlorides (DOX) were purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China). All other chemicals were commercially available and used without further purification.
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8

Synthesis of Rhodamine B Dye

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Melamine, copper (II) chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O), sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), thioacetamide (TAA), anhydrous ethanol, ethylene glycol and RhB of analytical–reagent grade were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. All reagents were used as received.
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9

Curcumin and Antioxidant Assay Protocol

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Curcumin, ABTS (2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid), and DPPH (1,1′-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). β-CD (chemical purity) was purchased from Shangdong Xinda Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Zibo, China). Epichlorohydrin (EP) and ethylene glycol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). RPMI 1640 medium were purchased from Hyclone Company (South Logan, UT, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and the antibiotic mixture (penicillin-streptomycin) were purchased from Gibco Company (Grand Island, NY, USA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Dojindo Company (Kumamoto, Japan). Caspase 3 assay kit (ab39401), Caspase 8 assay kit (ab39700), and Caspase 9 assay kit (ab65608) were purchased from Abcam Company (Cambridge, UK). Annexin V/PI apoptosis kit were purchased from MultiScience Company (Hangzhou, China). Sodium hydroxide and other reagents were of analytical grade and were purchased from Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Nanjing, China). Double distilled and sterilized water was used to prepare all solutions.
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10

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

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All reagents were of analytical grade and used without further purification. Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin biochemical technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) Chloroauric acid hydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) and sodium citrate were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Shanghai, China). Fluorescein isothiocyanate (isomeride I) (FITC > 95.0%) was purchased from TCI (Shanghai, China) chemical industry Co., Ltd. Copper, aluminum, nickel, cobalt, barium, cadmium, manganese, iron, zinc, strontium, bismuth, chromium were purchased from Guobiao (Beijing, China) Testing & Certification Co., Ltd. The nitrate, acetate, or chloride salts of other metal ions were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co, Ltd.(Shanghai, China). Ethylene glycol, ethanolamine, ethanol and Poly (Ethylene glycol) (PEG2000) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co, Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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