Spss 20.0 statistic

All biochemical determinations were repeated three times, and they were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Duncan’s multiple-comparison test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed by using SPSS 20.0 Statistics (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) to identify significant differences (p < 0.05) among accessions. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were performed by using OriginPro 2021b Statistics (OriginLab Inc., Northampton, MA, USA).

SPSS 20.0 statistics software was used for the analysis of all data. Data were obtained from at least three separate experiments and are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). One-way analysis of variance for multiple groups or Student’s t test for two groups was used for data analysis with comparisons. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The values were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was determined by Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0 statistics software (SPSS, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). A P-value of less than 0.05 was defined as statistically significant.

Data were presented as mean ± standard error of mean (S.E.M.) with sample size, n, indicating the number of cells from which each dataset was collected. Error bars represent S.E.M. The statistical significances were assessed using one–way ANOVA (Figs 1, 2, and Supplementary Data Figs S1 and S3), Kruskal–Wallis test (Fig. 3), and two–way ANOVA (Fig. 4, and Supplementary data Fig. S6), the Mann–Whitney U test for two independent samples (Fig. 5), with a statistically significant level of p < 0.05. Data analyses were performed using the SPSS 20.0 Statistics (New York; United states).

All percentage data were arcsine square root transformed for use in statistical analysis and back-transformed for presentation in tables and figures. Comparisons of survival of eggs, pupae and adults between the two whitefly species following exposures to each of the low and high temperatures were performed by an independent-samples Student-t Test. The number of eggs laid, percentages of the egg hatch, developmental time of offspring and sex ratio of offspring of the populations of the two whitefly species following exposure of adults to low or high temperatures were analyzed by a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) test. Likewise, the levels of expression of each of the heat shock protein related genes were analyzed by a two-way ANOVA followed by LSD test. Each of the two factors had two levels in every case: for whitefly species, MEAM1 and MED; and for temperature, a high temperature and a control temperature. The differences between treatments were considered significant when P < 0.05. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 20.0 Statistics and Excel.