4k 4k ccd camera

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific

Sourced in United States

The 4K × 4K CCD camera is a high-resolution imaging device capable of capturing images at a resolution of 4096 × 4096 pixels. It utilizes a Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) sensor to convert light into electrical signals, allowing for the creation of detailed, high-quality images.

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12 protocols using 4k 4k ccd camera

Electron Tomography of Semi-Ultrathin Sections

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Electron tomography of the semi-ultrathin sections was conducted using Tomography in the FEI Tecnai F20 microscope (FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA) operated at 200 kV. The data were recorded with a 4 K×4 K CCD camera (Eagle, FEI, USA), and the tilt angles ranged from −60° to +60° with a 2° interval. The nominal magnifications of the tomograms were 7 800×, 11 500× and 14 500×, and the corresponding final Å/pixel values were 15.4, 19.6 and 28.3, respectively. The IMOD package (Kremer et al., 1996) was used for reconstruction, segmentation and rendering.

Chen Y., Liang P., Huang Y., Li M., Zhang X., Ding C., Feng J., Zhang Z., Zhang X., Gao Y., Zhang Q., Cao S., Zheng H., Liu D., Songyang Z, & Huang J. (2017). Glycerol kinase-like proteins cooperate with Pld6 in regulating sperm mitochondrial sheath formation and male fertility. Cell Discovery, 3, 17030-.

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Exosome Size Characterization by TEM

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Isolated exosomes were resuspended in 1 mL of PBS, and 3 μL of the sample was adsorbed onto a glow-discharged copper grid covered with a carbon film. After 30 s, the samples were stained with 3% uranyl acetate and examined using a Tecnai T120 microscope. Images were acquired at 67,000× magnification using an FEI Eagle 4 K × 4 K CCD camera. The size of all exosomes was measured.

Go Y.Y., Chae S.W, & Song J.J. (2021). Osteogenic effects of exosomes derived from human chorion membrane extracts. Biomaterials Research, 25, 16.

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Negative Staining and Single Particle Analysis of Protein Complex

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Fresh purified complex (4 μl at ~0.01 mg/ml) was applied to glow-discharged carbon-coated grids (CF-400, Electron Microscopy Sciences). The sample was negatively stained with 2 % uranyl acetate and visualised in a FEI Tecnai T12 BioTWIN LaB6 microscope operating at a voltage of 120 kV. Images were recorded on a FEI Eagle 4K×4K CCD camera under low dose conditions (~25 e/Å²) at a magnification of circa 44,000 (3.4 Å/pixel) and a defocus range of 1-2.5 μm. The CTF parameters were assessed from entire image frames using CTFFIND3. Phase flipping was carried out using SPIDER and applied to entire frames. A total of 1284 particles were selected manually from CTF-corrected micrographs using BOXER (EMAN2). Boxed images were normalised, band-pass filtered and centered. They were then subjected to a reference-free classification. Iterations of MRA using representative views of the complex and MSA were performed in IMAGIC until the classification of the dataset stabilized. The final classes were generated with approximately 20 images per class.

Low H.H., Gubellini F., Rivera-Calzada A., Braun N., Connery S., Dujeancourt A., Lu F., Redzej A., Fronzes R., Orlova E.V, & Waksman G. (2014). Structure of a Type IV Secretion System. Nature, 508(7497), 550-553.

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Cryo-EM Visualization of STING-cGAMP Interaction

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Wild-type or mutant Sf STING (1 μM) was incubated with 10 μM c-di-GMP in buffer (20 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.5, 250 mM KCl, 1 mM TCEP) for 15 min on ice. The mixture was then directly applied to a glow-discharged (30 s, 30 mA) 400-mesh Cu grid (Electron Microscopy Sciences, EMS-400Cu) coated with an approximately 10-nm layer of continuous carbon (Safematic CCU-010) for 30 s. After side blotting, the grid was immediately stained with 1.5% uranyl formate and then blotted again from the side. Staining was repeated twice with a 30-s incubation with uranyl formate in the final staining step. EM images were collected on a FEI Tecnai T12 microscope operating at 120 keV and equipped with a Gatan 4K × 4K CCD camera at a nominal magnification of 52,000× corresponding to a pixel size of 2.13 Å and at a defocus of about 1 μm.

Morehouse B.R., Yip M.C., Keszei A.F., McNamara-Bordewick N.K., Shao S, & Kranzusch P.J. (2022). Cryo-EM structure of an active bacterial TIR–STING filament complex. Nature, 608(7924), 803-807.

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Electron Microscopy Protocol for CCT

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For electron microscopy, copper grids with carbon coating (300 mesh, Electron Microscopy Sciences) were glow discharged for 10 s, and 5 μl of purified CCT was placed on the grids for 1 min. Afterwards the grid was washed for 15 s and floated onto a drop of filtered 3% uranyl acetate for 1 min. Excess solution on the grids was blotted off using filter paper between each step. Grids were visualized under a FEI Tecnai 20 transmission electron microscope (TEM), and digital micrographs were taken using a FEI Eagle 4K × 4K CCD camera. Particle picking and processing was performed using RELION 2 (44 (link),45 (link)), 2D class averages were generated without applying symmetry or reference models.

Aulicino F., Pelosse M., Toelzer C., Capin J., Ilegems E., Meysami P., Rollarson R., Berggren P.O., Dillingham M.S., Schaffitzel C., Saleem M.A., Welsh G.I, & Berger I. (2022). Highly efficient CRISPR-mediated large DNA docking and multiplexed prime editing using a single baculovirus. Nucleic Acids Research, 50(13), 7783-7799.

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Cryo-EM Structural Analysis of Protein Samples

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A 3 μl sample was applied to 400 mesh Quantifoil R1.2/1.3 grids (Quantifoil, Germany) with freshly made, thin continuous carbon film, blotted for 3 s in the chamber of the Vitrobot IV at 100% humidity (FEI, USA) and then flash-frozen in liquid ethane. The EM data for the sample with the presence of calcium ions were collected on an FEI Titan Krios at 300 kV. The total dose used for each exposure was 20 electrons/Å². The images were recorded on a Gatan UltraScan4000 (model 895) 16-megapixel CCD camera and the final pixel size was 1.196 Å/pixel. The defocus values ranged from −0.9~−3 μm. The EM data for the sample with the presence of EDTA were collected on an FEI Tecnai G² TF20 at 200 kV. The images were recorded on an Eagle (FEI, USA) 4 k × 4 k CCD camera and the final pixel size was 1.35 Å/pixel.

Wang C.Y., Zhang Q.F., Gao Y.Z., Xie L., Li H.M., Hong J, & Zhang C.X. (2015). Uncoating Mechanism of Carnation Mottle Virus Revealed by Cryo-EM Single Particle Analysis. Scientific Reports, 5, 14825.

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Negative-Stain Imaging of A1AT Polymers

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For negative-stain imaging, purified A1AT polymers alone or complexed with Fab_2H2 were diluted to 0.05 μg/mL in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 50 mM NaCl, and 5 mM EDTA. Continuous 200 mesh copper carbon grids (Agar Scientific) were glow discharged for 30 seconds; the sample was applied and wicked with blotting paper before staining with 2% w/v uranyl acetate (Agar Scientific). Images of non–Fab_2H2-decorated M heat polymer, and ZZ and MZ liver polymers, were acquired at an effective magnification of ×42,800 (5.6 Å/pixel) with a Tecnai T10 at 100 kV and a Gatan Multiscan 794 CCD camera, a JEOL JEM-1010 at 80 kV, and a Gatan Orius SC1000 CCD camera at an effective magnification of ×43,500 (2.07 Å/pixel) or an FEI Tecnai T12 BioTWIN LaB6 microscope operating at 120 kV and an FEI Eagle 4K × 4K CCD camera under low-dose conditions (~25 electrons/Å²) at an effective magnification of ×91,500 (1.64 Å/pixel) and a defocus range of 0.5–4 μm.

Laffranchi M., Elliston E.L., Miranda E., Perez J., Ronzoni R., Jagger A.M., Heyer-Chauhan N., Brantly M.L., Fra A., Lomas D.A, & Irving J.A. (2020). Intrahepatic heteropolymerization of M and Z alpha-1-antitrypsin. JCI Insight, 5(14), e135459.

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Cryo-EM Sample Preparation of cBUGGS

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3 μL of 0.05 mg/mL cBUGGS or Flag-cBUGGS in 20 mM HEPES pH 7.5, 150 mM KOAc, 2 mM Mg(OAc)₂, 1 mM DTT, 1 μM ATP was applied to glow-discharged (30 sec, 30 mA) 400-mesh Cu grid (Electron Microscopy Sciences) coated with a ~10 nm layer of continuous carbon (Safematic CCU-010) for 30 sec. After side blotting, the grid was immediately stained with 1.5% uranyl formate and then blotted from the side. Staining was repeated twice with a 30 sec incubation with uranyl formate before the final blotting step. The grid was air dried prior to imaging. EM Images were collected using a FEI Tecnai T12 operating at 120 keV and equipped with a Gatan 4K × 4K CCD camera at a nominal magnification of 67,000× corresponding to a pixel size of 1.68 Å. Defocus targets were −1.0 to −2.0 μm. Image processing was performed in RELION-3.0. After CTF estimation with GCTF, particle picking was carried out using templates generated from manual picking a subset of micrographs. Particles were extracted with a 178 pixel box size for reference-free 2D classification.

Keszei A.F., Yip M.C., Hsieh T.C, & Shao S. (2021). Structural insights into metazoan pre-targeting GET complexes. Nature structural & molecular biology, 28(12), 1029-1037.

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Structural Analysis of 50S-EngA Complex

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The 50S subunit (∼60 nM) was incubated with His-EngA (1.8 μM) in the presence of GMPPNP (∼180 μM) in binding buffer (20 mM Tris–HCl, pH 7.5, 120 mM NH₄Cl, 10 mM MgCl₂) at 37°C for 15 min. The mixtures were centrifuged at 10 000 g for 10 min (Heraeus Fresco 21 centrifuge, Thermo scientific) to remove possible aggregates. Aliquots (4 μl) of the supernatants were applied to 300-mesh glow-discharged Quantifoil grids (Quantifoil Micro Tools GmbH). The grids were pre-coated with a thin layer of freshly made carbon film. FEI Vitrobot Mark IV was used for cryo-plunging. The images were collected using an FEI Titan Krios equipped with an FEI Eagle 4K × 4K CCD camera at 75 000× magnification. All images were collected under low dose condition (∼20 e⁻/Å²), with the AutoEMation software package (24 (link)).

Zhang X., Yan K., Zhang Y., Li N., Ma C., Li Z., Zhang Y., Feng B., Liu J., Sun Y., Xu Y., Lei J, & Gao N. (2014). Structural insights into the function of a unique tandem GTPase EngA in bacterial ribosome assembly. Nucleic Acids Research, 42(21), 13430-13439.

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Cryo-TEM Imaging of Vitrified Samples

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Cryo transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM) imaging was performed at NanoImaging Services, Inc (San Diego, CA USA). Briefly, samples were imaged undiluted and preserved in vitrified ice supported by holey carbon films on 400-mesh copper grids. Electron microscopy was performed using an FEI Tecnai T12 electron microscope, operating at 120 keV equipped with an FEI Eagle 4k × 4k CCD camera. Vitreous ice grids were transferred into the electron microscope using a cryostage. Images of each grid were acquired at multiple scales to assess the overall specimen distribution. The images were acquired at a nominal underfocus of −5 µm to −3 µm and electron doses of 10–25 e⁻/Å².

Baldwin W.R., Livengood J.A., Giebler H.A., Stovall J.L., Boroughs K.L., Sonnberg S., Bohning K.J., Dietrich E.A., Ong Y.T., Danh H.K., Patel H.K., Huang C.Y, & Dean H.J. (2018). Purified Inactivated Zika Vaccine Candidates Afford Protection against Lethal Challenge in Mice. Scientific Reports, 8, 16509.

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