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7 protocols using ki16425

1

Inhibitor Screening for Cell Signaling

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Reagents and inhibitors were purchased from the following suppliers: LPA (SIGMA), DMSO (SIGMA), BB94 (SIGMA), BSA (SIGMA), Ki16425 (SELLECK), AG1478 (SELLECK), LY294002 (SELLECK), and Rapamycin (SELLECK).
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2

G protein activation assay

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[35S]GTPγS (initial specific activity 1250 Ci/mmol) was purchased from Perkin Elmer (Boston MA, USA). Oleoyl-L-α-lysophosphatidic acid sodium salt was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, (St. Louis, MO, USA), Ki16425 was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA), 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The [14C]-microscales used as standards in the autoradiographic experiments were acquired from Amersham Biosciences-GE (Buckinghamshire, UK) and ARC (St. Louis, MO, USA), BSA (A4503), DL-dithiothreitol (DTT), guanosine-5′-diphosphate (GDP) and guanosine-5′-o-3-triphosphate were provided by Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA) and the β-radiation sensitive films, Kodak Biomax MR, were supplied by Sigma. Finally, for the preparation of the different buffers, the treatment of slides and film development, all the compounds were of the highest commercially available quality.
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3

Antagonists Modulate LPA-induced CD34+ Cell Survival

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UCB CD34+ cells were suspended in X-Vivo medium, i.e., 2 × 105 cells per well of a 96-well plate containing 200 μL of X-Vivo medium supplemented with one of the following antagonists: MK2206 (3 μM, Selleckchem), PD98059 (60 μM, CaymanChem, Michigan, USA), GW9662 (50 μM, Calbiochem), Y-2762/ROCK (50 μM, Calbiochem), Ki16425 (10 μM, Selleckchem) or 1-Bromo-3(S)-hydroxy-4-(palmitoyloxy)butyl]phosphonate (BrP-LPA) (1.5 μM, Echelon Biosciences Inc.). After 10 min of incubation, LPA 100 μM (in 0.01% DMSO X-Vivo) was added and the cells incubated in normoxia (21% O2, 5% CO2, 37 °C) conditions for 1 h. Then, the plates were incubated in hypoxic (0.5% O2, 5% CO2, 37 °C) conditions for 24 h. Antagonists and LPA were maintained in the culture medium during the 24 h period. Cell survival was determined by annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) as described before.
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4

Regulation of Granulosa-like Tumor Cells

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Human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGNs, iCell-h298, icell bioscience Inc, Shanghai, China) were cultured in RPMI 1640 containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin at 37 °C with 5% CO2. KGNs were treated with various concentrations of LPA (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μM; L-7260, Sigma-Aldrich, Shanghai, China) for 24 h when performing cell counting kit-8. Then, KGNs were treated with 20 μM LY294002 (an inhibitor of PI3K; S1105, Selleck, Shanghai, China), as well as 5 mM 3 methyladenine (3MA, autophagy inhibitor; S2767, Selleck) for 24 h, before exposure to 10 μM LPA for 24 h. LPAR1 inhibitor and controls were purchased from the GenePharm (Shanghai, China), and KGNs were treated with 10 μM Ki16425 (LPAR1 and LPAR3 antagonist; S1315, Selleck) for 24 h, before exposure to 10 μM LPA for 24 h.
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5

Continuous Oxygen Exposure Model

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Pups (a mix of both sexes) were continuously exposed to 100% oxygen for 10 days. In the intervention experiments pups received from day 2 either 5 mg kg−1 day−1 Ki16425 (Selleckchem S1315, Bioconnect, Huisen, The Netherlands) or DMSO (10%) in 0.9% NaCl (100 μl, subcutaneously). Lung and heart tissue were collected on day 10 under anesthesia. Separate experiments were performed for [1] histology, [2] frozen lung tissue and [3] collection of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Lungs were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for real-time RT-PCR and fibrin deposition assay or fixed in formalin for histology studies as previously described (de Visser et al. 2009 ).
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6

Molecular Mechanisms of EGFR Signaling

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Reagents were from the following suppliers: LPA (SIGMA), DMSO (SIGMA), BB94 (SIGMA), DAPI (invitrogen), Ki16425 (SELLECK), AG1478 (SELLECK), LY294002 (SELLECK), Protein G beads (SIGMA), Endo-free Plasmid Mini Kit(OMEGA), Lipofectamine 2000 Reagent (invitrogen), Rapamycin (SELLECK), BSA (SIGMA), OPTI-MEM (Gibco); geminin Rabbit Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech), EGFR-speci c Rabbit Polyclonal antibody (Proteintech), Rabbit anti-DUC3 Polyclonal Antibody (Absin), Mouse Anti-β-Tubulin Monoclonal Antibody (Transgen), Anti-phosphotyrosine antibody (abcam), Alexa Fluor 488 Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (invitrogen), Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (Transgen), Goat anti-Mouse IgG (Transgen).
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7

LPA Treatment Effects on LF Cell Viability

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The viability of LF cells after LPA treatment was evaluated with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8, Dojindo, Japan). The LF cells with or without LPAR1 knockdown or overexpression or LPAR1 suppression (Ki16425, Selleck, Shanghai, China) were plated in 96-well plates at a density of 5, 000 cells per well and incubated with various LPA (Sigma-Aldrich) concentrations for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h. The media (complete DMEM with LPA) was changed every 2 days. The cells were washed with PBS before adding CCK-8. Next, 100 μL of complete DMEM medium and 10 μL of CCK-8 solution were added to each well followed by incubation at 37°C for 2 h. The complete DMEM medium and CCK-8 without cells was used as a blank. The optical density (OD) at 450 nm was recorded by a microplate reader (BIOTEK, Vermont, U.S.A). Finally, the ODs of the LPA treatment groups were subtracted by their corresponding blank ODs to remove background interference.
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