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Tetrahydrofuran thf

Manufactured by Tedia
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Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a clear, colorless liquid that is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial and laboratory applications. It has a characteristic ether-like odor. THF is miscible with water and many organic solvents, and it is a good solvent for a wide range of organic compounds, including polymers, resins, and fats.

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9 protocols using tetrahydrofuran thf

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Poloxamer-Based Biomaterials

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O,O’-Bis(2-aminopropyl) polypropylene glycol-block-polyethylene glycol-block-polypropylene glycol (Poloxamer, PLX, PPG–PEG–PPG, Mn = 900), l-alanine, hydrogen bromide (HBr/acetic acid), and a LIVE/DEAD staining kit were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Tacrolimus (FK506) was obtained from LC Labs (Woburn, MA, USA). Trifluoroacetic acid-d (TFA-d) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Wall Hill, MA, USA). l-lysine-(Z) was commercially obtained from ACROS (Morris Plains, NJ, USA). Diethyl ether, hexane, and ethanol (95%) were purchased from Echo Chemicals (Toufen, Miaoli, Taiwan). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was obtained from J.T. Baker. Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antimycotics–antibiotics were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Toluene and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were obtained from TEDIA (Fairfield, OH, USA), and chloroform, dichloromethane (DCM), and N,N-dimethylformaide (DMF) were purchased from AVANTOR (Center Valley, PA, USA). All solvents were dried over CaH2 before used.
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2

Polymer-Based Antibiotic Drug Delivery

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Poly(L-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLC, molar ratio 70/30, Mw = 202,000 g/mol) was purchased from Corbion Purac, The Netherlands. Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin were purchased from Molekula Limited, UK. Phosphate buffer saline tablets (PBS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Singapore. HPLC grade dichloromethane (DCM) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were obtained from Tedia, USA.
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of CSPIO

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mPEG (Mn 2000) and l-alanine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Trifluoroacetic acid-d (TFA-d) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Wall Hill, MA, USA). Ammonium hydroxide solution (28–30%), diethyl ether, toluene, hexane, and ethanol (95%) were purchased from Echo Chemicals (Toufen, Miaoli, Taiwan). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was obtained from J.T. Baker (Center Valley, PA, USA). Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antimycotic antibiotics were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was purchased from TEDIA (Fairfield, OH, USA); dichloromethane (DCM), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and chloroform were obtained from AVANTOR (Center Valley, PA, USA) and dried over CaH2 before being used. CSPIO was prepared via a chemical co-precipitation method [30 (link)].
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4

Hydrogel Scaffold for Cell Culture

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Glacial acetic acid and formic acid solution (88%) were purchased from CTR scientific (Monterrey, NL, Mexico). Gelatin Type A from porcine skin in powder form, crosslinking agent of aqueous Glutaraldehyde (GTA) solution (50%), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol and ethanol solutions were obtained from DEQ (Monterrey, NL, Mexico). Acetonitrile (ACN) was obtained from J.T. Chemical Co. (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was obtained from Tedia Company, Inc. (Fairfield, OH, USA). Isorhamnetin standard was purchased from Indofine Chemical Co., Inc. (Hillsborough NJ, USA). HPLC-grade water and methanol were obtained from VWR International LLC (West Chester, PA, USA). Phosphate saline solution (PBS) pH 7.4 (1×) was acquired from Gibco Laboratories (Grand Island, NY, USA). Dulbecco’s Modified Medium: Nutrient Mixture F-12 (DMEM-F12) ampicillin/streptomycin and trypsin were purchased from Gibco Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Celltiter96®Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assays from Promega (Madison, WI, USA).
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoparticles

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Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), ascorbic acid, triethylamine (TEA), and HSA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). 1-Dodecanethiol was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). Silver nitrate (AgNO3) and hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) tetrahydrate (HAuCl4⋅4H2O) and trisodium citrate were purchased from Showa (Tokyo, Japan). PLGA (molecular weight [MW]=40,000) was purchased from Green Square (Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (MW=16,000) was purchased from Acros. Sodium tetrahydridoborate (NaBH4) was purchased from Fluka. DOX was purchased from Seedchem. Dithiothreitol, MTT, and ampicillin were purchased from MDBio, Inc. (Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China). Ethanol was purchased from Echo. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was purchased from Tedia. Chloroform (CHCl3) was purchased from J.T. Baker. DMEM and Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Penicillin–streptomycin (P/S) and FBS were purchased from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA).
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Coated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles

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ʟ-alanine and mPEG (Mn 2000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and trifluoroacetic acid-d (TFA-d) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Wall Hill, MA, USA). Ammonium hydroxide solution (28–30%), toluene, hexane, diethyl ether, and 95% ethanol were purchased from Echo Chemicals (Toufen, Miaoli, Taiwan). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was purchased from J.T. Baker (Center Valley, PA, USA). Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antimycotic antibiotics were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was purchased from TEDIA (Fairfield, OH, USA); dichloromethane (DCM), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and chloroform were obtained from AVANTOR (Center Valley, PA, USA) and dried over CaH2 before being used. Chitosan-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide (CSPIO) was prepared with a chemical co-precipitation method [29 (link)]. Prussian blue and anti-CD31 antibody were purchased from Thermo Fisher (Cheshire, UK). Anti-Ki67 antibody and anti-alpha smooth muscle actin (SMA) antibody were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK).
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7

Polyurethane Synthesis Protocol

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Poly (propylene glycol) bis (2-aminopropyl ether) average Mn = 2000 (D2000), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), toluene 2,4 diisocyanate (TDI), p-phenylenediamine (PPD), and chloroform were from Sigma-Aldrich; 4,4-methylenebus (phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) was from DOW Chemical Company; 4,4′-dithiodianiline (DTDA) and bis (4-aminophenyl) sulfone (DDS) were from Tokyo Chemical Industry; Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was from Tedia; and Versalink P1000 was from Evonik Industries. Table S1 shows a compilation of the function and purpose of the included chemicals.
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8

Synthesis of Rac-Alcohols and Acetates

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Chemical reagents were purchased from different commercial sources and used without further purification. Acetone, n-butanol, heptane, hexane and dichloromethane (DCM) were acquired from Biograde ® . Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acetonitrile (MeCN), HPLC grade, were purchased from TEDIA ® . Acetic anhydride (Ac 2 O) was acquired from Vetec ® . Anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich ® . Analytical TLC analyses were performed on aluminum sheets pre-coated with silica gel 60 F254 (0.2 mm thick) from Merck ® . Flash chromatography using eluting mixtures of DCM, hexane, petroleum ether (PE) or ethyl acetate (EtOAc), was performed using silica gel 60 (230-240 mesh) from Biograde ® .
Except for rac-4, all rac-alcohols (2, 3 and 5) and rac-2-Ac and rac-3-Ac were prepared as previously reported [1, 5, 25] .
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9

PVC-Silver Nanoparticle Antibacterial Synthesis

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Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was kindly donated by the Brazilian Company Braskem S.A. (with a mass-average molar mass of 130 kDa). Silver nitrate (Labsynth, Diadema, SP, Brazil), quercetin hydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany), trisodium citrate (Ecibra, Santo Amaro, SP, Brazil), tetrahydrofuran (THF) (Tedia, USA), and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany) were purchased from suppliers. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 and Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115 were donated by the Clinical Bacteriology area, from the Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, National University of Rosario, Argentina.
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