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6 protocols using rock1

1

Western Blot Analysis of ROCK and MLC Signaling

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The AML cell line (MV4-11 and OCI-AML3) cells were treated with increasing concentrations of DJ4 (0–1 μM) or DMSO and harvested at 24 h. Whole cell lysates were then collected in a RIPA buffer (Sigma) containing phosphatase and protease inhibitor cocktails (Sigma). Protein quantification was performed using a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay kit (Pierce, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Denatured protein samples run on a NuPAGE 4–12% Bis-Tris gel (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) were subsequently probed with various primary antibodies as previously described [51 (link),52 (link)]. Bands were detected using the Bio-Rad ChemiDoc MP imaging system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA) and quantified via the ImageJ software [53 (link)]. The following antibodies were obtained: ROCK1 (611136; BD Biosciences), ROCK2 (610623; BD Biosciences), MYPT1 (07-672-I; Millipore Sigma), Phospho-MYPT1 (Thr696) (5163S; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), MLC2 (3672S; Cell Signaling Technology), Phospho-MLC2 (PA5-17726; Thermo Scientific), and GAPDH (sc-32233; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA); the goat anti-rabbit IgG–horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugates and the horse anti-mouse IgG-HRP conjugates were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology. All the whole western blot figures can be found in the Figure S9.
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Pathways

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Cells were harvested in ice by scraping in ice cold 1X PBS and the pellets were lysed in RIPA buffer (50 mM TRIS pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet P40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, complete protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche), and phosphatase inhibitors 10 mM NaF, 1 mM Na3VO4, 1 mM sodium pyrophosphate, 10 mM beta-glycerophosphate). After sonication and centrifugation the protein concentrations were determined using the Bio-Rad protein assay (Bio-Rad). Samples were loaded on 4-12% Bis-Tris polyacrylamide-SDS gels (NuPAGE) and transferred on to nitrocellulose membranes (Amersham). Membranes were blocked in 4% skimmed milk powder dissolved in 0,2% Tween-containing 1X PBS and incubated with primary antibodies followed by secondary antibodies (Invitrogen). Primary antibodies used were EGFR (sc-03, Santa Cruz), EGFRY2068 (ab5644, Abcam), ROCK1 (611137, BD), MYPTThr696 (ABS45, Millipore), ERKThr202/Tyr204 (4370S, Cell Signaling), ERK (9102, Cell Signaling), Hsp90 (sc-7947, Santa Cruz), p27 (610241, BD), pRBSer807/811 (9308S, Cell Signaling), CDK2 (sc-163, Santa Cruz), Cyclin A (sc-596, Santa Cruz).
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3

Cell Culture and Antibody Use

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COS7, HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% FCS, 1% pyruvate. PC3 cells were grown in RPMI supplemented with 10% FCS. All media contained 100 µg/ml streptomycin and 100 U/ml penicillin. The following antibodies were used: myc tag (A-14, sc-789, or 9E10, sc-40; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), GFP (FL) (sc-8334; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), Cullin3 (611848; BD), ROCK1 (611136; BD), ROCK2 (610623; BD), HA tag (3F10; Sigma–Aldrich), pMLC2 (Thr18/Ser19) (#3674, Cell Signaling), MLC2 (#3672, Cell Signaling), RhoA 67B9 (#2117, Cell Signaling), GAPDH (MAB374, Merck Millipore). Secondary horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labelled antibodies were from GE Healthcare (anti-mouse, anti-rat and anti-rabbit). Complete protease inhibitor cocktail and PhosphoStop were from Roche. Active recombinant human GST-ROCK1 (17–535, # R10–11G) was from SignalChem. MLN4924 was from BostonBiochem (R&D Systems). H1152 Rho kinase inhibitor was from Calbiochem.
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4

Western Blot Analysis of AMPK Signaling

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Western blot analysis was performed using antibodies that specifically recognize proteins, including AMPKα (Cell Signaling Technology, MA, USA), phospho-AMPKα at Thr172 (p-AMPK, Cell Signaling Technology, MA, USA), acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC, Cell Signaling Technology), phospho-ACC at Ser79 (Cell Signaling Technology), myosin phosphatase targeting subunit-1 (MYPT-1) (BD Biosciences, CA, USA), phospho-MYPT-1 at Thr696 (p-MYPT1, Cell Signaling Technology), ROCK1 (BD Biosciences, CA, USA) and ROCK2 (BD Biosciences). The same amount of extracted protein (10∼20 µg) was loaded for sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) immunoblot analysis. After incubating with HRP-conjugated anti-mouse (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) or anti-rabbit IgG antibody (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), the regions containing proteins were visualized using ECL prime Western blotting detection system (Amasham Biosciences, Buckinghamshire, UK). Each band was normalized by corresponding value of α-tubulin as an internal control. Densitometric analysis was performed by Image J (NIH) Software [20] (link).
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Pathways

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Samples were lysed in RIPA (50 mM TRIS pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet P40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS) in the presence of a protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche) and phosphatase inhibitors (1 mM sodium pyrophosphate, 2 mM sodium fluoride, 10 mM β-glycerophosphate, 2 mM orthovanadate). Protein concentration was determined using a Bradford assay (Bio-Rad). Immunoblot analysis was performed using standard techniques on 4–12% bis-tris precast gels (NuPAGE). Proteins were transferred on nitrocellulose membranes (Millipore). Primary antibodies were ROCK1(BD Transduction Laboratories), β-actin (AC74, Sigma), cleaved caspase 3 (Asp175), caveolin 1, phopho-MAPK (Thr202/Tyr204), MAPK, phopho-MEK (41G9), MEK (L38C12), phospho-p90RSK (Thr359/Ser363), RSK (against RSK1, 2, and 3) phospho-RPS6 (Ser235/236), RPS6 (all Cell Signaling), integrin β1 (Bio-Connect) and NRAS (F155, Santa Cruz). Protein detection was performed using ECL agent (Amersham), and developed films were scanned on an Epson Perfection 4990 Photo scanner.
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6

Investigation of MMP-9 and MMP-13 Regulation

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Antibodies and dilutions used: MMP-9 (Clone 4H3, MAB911; 1:1,000), MMP-13 (MAB511; 1:500) from R&D Systems; pSer19-MLC2 (immunofluorescence; 1:200), pThr18/Ser19-MLC2 (immunoblotting, 1:750) and pY705-STAT3 (1:750) from Cell Signaling Technology (no. 3671, no. 3674 and no. 9145, respectively); STAT3 (sc-482; 1:500) and MLC2 (sc-15370; 1:200) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology; ROCK1 (611137; 1:1,000) from BD Transduction; GAPDH (MAB374; 1:10,000) from Millipore; CD44 (Clone IM7, ab119863; 1:2,000) from Abcam; MT1-MMP (SAB4501901; 1:1,000) from Sigma; affinity-purified antibody COL1-¾C (no. 0217-050, Immunoglobe; 1:50) directed against the C-terminal cleavage neo-epitope of collagen types I and II (refs 22 (link),31 (link)).
ProMMP-9 (2–4 μg ml −1, no. PF038), P6 (1–10 μM), H1152 (5 μM) and MMP-9 inhibitor I (0.05–1 μM) were from Calbiochem (Nottingham, UK); Y27632 (10 μM) from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK).
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