Lake water was filtered through 0.22-μm polycarbonate membranes, to capture microbes which were stored at -80°C until DNA extraction. To collect the endophytic bacteria, leaf/stem/root samples from each of the replicates were thoroughly washed with tap water and then rinsed in ddH2O until the water was clear. A further cleaning was conducted using 10% Sparkleen™ 1 (Fisherbrand™) water solution followed by several rinses in ddH2O (Fan et al., 2018 (link)). Plant samples were surface sterilized consecutively by immersion for 5 min in 70% ethanol, three rinses in sterile ddH2O, and 3 min shaking in 1% sodium hypochlorite, followed by six changes of sterile ddH2O. Aliquots of ddH2O from the last wash were plated on King’s B (KB), R2A, Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB), Lysogeny broth (LB), and 0.1 × LB agar plates, incubated at 28°C for 3 to 7 d, and then checked for microbial growth for the confirmation of surface disinfection.
Sparkleen 1
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sparkleen™ 1 is a laboratory cleaning solution designed for the effective removal of contaminants from various laboratory equipment and surfaces. It is a concentrated, multi-purpose cleaner formulated to clean glassware, plasticware, and other laboratory instruments.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Glutaraldehyde solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Magnesium chloride, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sodium iodide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Sodium bromide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Barnstead nanopure infinity water purification system, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
3 protocols using sparkleen 1
1
Isolating Endophytic Bacteria from Plants
2
Predator Odor Preference Testing in Rats
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Filter paper containing either two drops of 1% peppermint oil or ∼0.1-ml red fox urine (trap shack company; via Amazon.com) was placed inside an open Petri dish, and subsequently placed on opposite sides of a vent toped (44 × 23.5 cm) shoebox cage. The shoebox cage was placed inside a fume hood with the fan and lights on during the duration of the test. Rats were placed in the center of the cage facing away from the experimenter, and a real-time log of the subject’s activity was recorded for 10 min. The cage was cleaned with sparkleen 1 (Fisher Scientific) between each test. Fox urine was naturally derived and stored at room temperature in an air tight container (in lab) when not in use.
Despite pilot data to the contrary, all rats demonstrated a common strong side preference (likely due to some unknown characteristic of the fume hood) rather than a specific reaction to the odors. Therefore, the predator odor experimental data were not analyzed further, although the EPM data from these rats was retained.
Despite pilot data to the contrary, all rats demonstrated a common strong side preference (likely due to some unknown characteristic of the fume hood) rather than a specific reaction to the odors. Therefore, the predator odor experimental data were not analyzed further, although the EPM data from these rats was retained.
3
Conductive PEDOT:PSS Polymer Films
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All chemicals were used as
received. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)
was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich as a dispersion in water with 1.3
wt % solid content (0.5 wt % PEDOT and 0.8 wt % PSS) and a reported
conductivity of 1 S/cm. Acetic acid, glutaraldehyde solution (50 wt
% in water), and Mowial 18-88 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with a molecular
weight of 130 kDa and degree of hydrolysis of 87–89% were also
purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), acetone, Sparkleen
1, sodium iodide (NaI), sodium bromide (NaBr), sodium chloride (NaCl),
and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were purchased from Fisher
Scientific. Deionized (DI) water was obtained from a Barnstead Nanopure
Infinity water purification system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham,
MA).
Fisherbrand microscope glass slides were purchased from
Fisher Scientific. Interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) consisted of 20
platinum electrodes (10 pairs) that were 50 nm thick and 4.5 mm in
length, with a 100 μm spacing (Figure S1A ). The IDEs were fabricated in Dr. Jun Yao’s Laboratory (Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UMass Amherst) on Si wafers
(N-Type, P doped, single-side polished with 1 μm thermal oxide
layer purchased from University Wafer, Boston, MA). Then, a 30-gauge
(0.31 mm) copper wire was attached to each electrode by using silver
conductive epoxy adhesive (MG Chemicals).
received. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)
was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich as a dispersion in water with 1.3
wt % solid content (0.5 wt % PEDOT and 0.8 wt % PSS) and a reported
conductivity of 1 S/cm. Acetic acid, glutaraldehyde solution (50 wt
% in water), and Mowial 18-88 poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with a molecular
weight of 130 kDa and degree of hydrolysis of 87–89% were also
purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), acetone, Sparkleen
1, sodium iodide (NaI), sodium bromide (NaBr), sodium chloride (NaCl),
and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) were purchased from Fisher
Scientific. Deionized (DI) water was obtained from a Barnstead Nanopure
Infinity water purification system (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham,
MA).
Fisherbrand microscope glass slides were purchased from
Fisher Scientific. Interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) consisted of 20
platinum electrodes (10 pairs) that were 50 nm thick and 4.5 mm in
length, with a 100 μm spacing (
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UMass Amherst) on Si wafers
(N-Type, P doped, single-side polished with 1 μm thermal oxide
layer purchased from University Wafer, Boston, MA). Then, a 30-gauge
(0.31 mm) copper wire was attached to each electrode by using silver
conductive epoxy adhesive (MG Chemicals).
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