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7 protocols using ril 13

1

Intraperitoneal IL-13 Administration in Mice

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In total, 10 mice per group (either vehicle or treatment) were randomly operated on. Starting 1 h after surgery, mice received vehicle (PBS, Lonza, Verviers, Belgium) or rIL-13 (0.5 ug, Peprotech) once a day via intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) for 7 consecutive days. To prevent gut microbial cross-contamination between groups, animals receiving the same treatment were housed together.
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2

Isolation and Culture of Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

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Human β-defensin-1 (HBD-1) kits were purchased from PeproTech (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA). HBD-1, murine β-defensin-1 (MBD-1), anti-HBD-1, and anti-MBD-1 antibodies were purchased from Alpha Diagnostic International (San Antonio, TX, USA). Lineage cell depletion kits were purchased from Miltenyi Biotec (Auburn, CA, USA). FITC-conjugated anti-CD34 mAb and PE-conjugated anti-CD31 mAb were purchased from BD Biosciences (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and BioLegend (San Diego, CA, USA), respectively. Recombinant (r) CCL2, rIL-4, rIL-10, and rIL-13 were obtained from PeproTech. mAbs directed against CCL2, IL-10, and IL-13 were purchased from BioLegend. Adult normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) were obtained from Lonza (Walkersville, MD, USA) and propagated in a serum-free keratinocyte growth medium (KMG-2, Lonza) at 37°C. NHEK that underwent a second passage with KMG-2 were stored in liquid nitrogen. NHEK grown from the stored cells (the third passage) were used in this study. RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, and antibiotics (100 U/ml penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin) was used as culture media for lineageCD34+ cells.
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3

Rab37 Modulates IL-13/IL-33 Signaling

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A total of 1 × 107 WT, Rab37 KO BMDMs and RAW264.7 cells expressing EV, Rab37-WT, Rab37-QL, or Rab37-TN, were treated with 20 ng/mL recombinant IL-13 (rIL-13, #210-13, PeproTech) for 24 h, followed by treatment with novel cell-permeable clathrin inhibitor Pitstop® 2 (#ab120687, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) 20 µM 10 min in serum-free medium and then with rIL-33 (#210-33, PeproTech) 50 ng/mL for 15 min in serum-free medium. The membrane fractionation was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions (#444810, Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany).
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4

Keratinocyte TWEAK and Cytokine Stimulation

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The mouse keratinocyte cell line PAM212 (generous gift from Wendy Havran, Scripps Institute, La Jolla, CA) and normal human primary epidermal keratinocytes from neonates (NHEK, PS-200-010, ATCC, Manassas, VA) were grown in 10% fetal calf serum-supplemented DMEM medium and Dermal Cell Basal Medium (PCS-200-030, ATCC), respectively. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF, PCS-201-012, ATCC, Manassas, VA) were grown in 10% fetal calf serum-supplemented DMEM. Cells were cultured in 6 and 12 well format and stimulated with rTWEAK (400 ng ml−1 murine rTWEAK for PAM212, 25-100 ng ml−1 human rTWEAK for human cells), 100 ng ml−1 species-specific rIL-13, 100 ng ml−1 species-specific rIL-17A, or combinations thereof (all from Peprotech, Rocky Hill, NJ). After 24 and 48 h, cells were harvested for real-time PCR with reverse transcription or flow cytometry analysis. To measure Fn14 surface expression, cells were stained with Fn14-APC (Miltenyi, Clone ITEM-4).
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5

Intraperitoneal IL-13 Administration in Mice

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In total, 10 mice per group (either vehicle or treatment) were randomly operated on. Starting 1 h after surgery, mice received vehicle (PBS, Lonza, Verviers, Belgium) or rIL-13 (0.5 ug, Peprotech) once a day via intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) for 7 consecutive days. To prevent gut microbial cross-contamination between groups, animals receiving the same treatment were housed together.
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6

Immune Cell Phenotyping Protocol

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The fluorochrome- or biotin-tagged antibodies were purchased from BD Pharmingen (San Diego, CA), eBiosciences (San Diego, CA), BioLegend (San Diego, CA) and R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN): CD16/32 (clone 93), CD11b (M1/70), CD206 (C068C2), CD45 (30-F11), Ly6G (1A8), F4/80 (BM8), CD80 (16-10A1), CD86 (GL-1), Dectin-1 (CLEC7A). A Zombie Aqua viability kit was purchased from BioLegend. Polyclonal anti-P2x7r antibody was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). Human recombinant CTLA4 immunoglobulin (CTLA4-Ig) was purchased from BioXCell (West Lebanon, NH). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and oxidized ATP (oATP) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Mouse recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rM-CSF), recombinant interferon γ (IFN-γ), rIL-4 and rIL-13 were purchased from Peprotech (Rocky Hill, NJ).
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7

Adiponectin-Cre Mice Model for Metabolic Disorders

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C57BL/6J mice were obtained from the Jackson Laboratory. Ikbkb floxed mice (Chen et al., 2003 (link)) and adiponectin-cre (Eguchi et al., 2011 (link)) mice were generously obtained from the Dr. Michael Karin (University of California) and Dr. Evan Rosen (Harvard University), respectively. Mice are housed in a facility equipped with a 12 hr light/dark cycle. Animals (8-week-old male mice) were fed either a NCD (Research Diets) containing 75.9% (kcal) carbohydrates, 14.7% protein, and 9.4% fat or a HFD containing 20% (kcal) carbohydrates, 20% protein, and 60% fat for 12–14 weeks. For IL-13 administration, HFD-fed mice for 10 weeks were treated with either 1 μg rIL-13 (PeproTech) or an equal volume of PBS using intraperitoneal injection every other day for 2–4 weeks. All studies were approved by and performed in compliance with the guidelines of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
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