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33 protocols using pb no3 2

1

Humulus scandens Heavy Metal Adsorption

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Humulus scandens, collected at Henan Normal University in Xinxiang City (35°19′54.49″ N, 113°54′51.75″ E) (Supplementary Materials Figure S1), Henan Province, China, was washed and dried in an oven at 50 °C for 12 h. The dried and pulverized HS was screened through a 100-mesh sieve for later use. Pb(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2·5H2O, NaOH, NaCl and KCl were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Beijing, China), were of analytic grade and were used without further purification.
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2

Synthesis of Metal-Organic Hybrid Materials

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Pb(NO3)2, Cd(NO3)2·4H2O, Al2O3, graphite powder, liquid paraffin, aniline and aluminum isopropoxide were bought from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Pluronic P123 (Mav = 5800, EO20PO70EO20) was obtained from Aldrich Chemical Company (Shanghai, China). Other reagents were analytical grades and purchased from local commercial sources. Buffer solution was prepared by mixing 0.1 mol L−1 NaAc and 0.1 mol L−1 HAc solutions to form a 0.1 mol L−1 NaAc–HAc buffer solution. Distilled water was used for the preparation of all solutions and for washing. Both standard solution and buffer solutions were kept in a 4 °C refrigerator.
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3

Functionalized Polymer-Anthracene Conjugates

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Fresh holly leaves were purchased from a local market. Polyethyleneimine (PEI1.8k), N-hydrosuccinidyl ester-functionalized homobifunctional poly(ethylene glycol) (NHS-PEG2000-NHS) and 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)-anthracene (BPEA) were obtained from Shanghai Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd (China). A dialysis membrane (cutoff molecular weight ~3500) was purchased from Spectrum Laboratories, Inc., CA (USA). HgCl2, KCl, Pb(NO3)2, CaCl2, NaCl, AgNO3, BaCl2, CoCl2, MgCl2, CuCl2, FeCl2 and FeCl3 were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (China). And 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO (USA).
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4

Soil Contamination Assessment in Poultry Farm

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The testing soil sample was taken from a poultry farm in Jinan City, Shandong Province, China (36°22′53.170″ N, 117°1′56.695″ E). The topsoil (0~20 cm) and fresh chicken manure were collected, naturally dried, crushed, filtered through a 10-mesh sieve, and then thoroughly mixed, respectively. The physical and chemical properties of the topsoil and chicken manure are listed in Table 1. Lead nitrate [Pb (NO3)2] and OTC were added to the soil as pollutants. OTC (purity > 95%) was supplied by Solarbio (Beijing, China), and [Pb (NO3)2] and Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. supplied other chemical reagents.
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5

Synthesis of Glycidylsilane-Functionalized PEG

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Silane coupler WD-60 (3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 99%) was purchased from WD Silicone New Material Corporation (Hubei, China). Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000), N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%), maleic anhydride (99%), Cu(NO3)2, KI solution (10%, w/w), K2Cr2O7 (reference substance, dried at 140 °C for 2 h), Na2S2O3·5H2O solid, Na2CO3 solid, sulfuric acid solution (0.1 mol/L), hydrochloric acid solution (0.1 mol/L), nitric acid (0.1 mol/L), glacial acetic acid, sodium acetate, starch solution (0.5%, v/v), Pb(NO3)2, disodium ethylenediaminetetra acetate (EDTA), dimethoate orange indicator (0.2%, w/w), and methyltetramine buffer solution (20%, w/w) were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Corporation (Shanghai, China). All chemicals were used as received unless otherwise stated.
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6

Quantitative Biosensing via Nanomaterials

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CMC (M.W. 250000) was purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation (Shanghai, China). Pb(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2·3H2O were bought from Sinopharm Chemical Reagents Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). AA (99.7%), UA, HAuCl4·3H2O (99.9%), GC, LA, Glu and dopamine hydrochloride were commercially obtained from Alfa Aesar (Beijing, China). IgG, anti-IgG and BSA (standard grade) were obtained from Xinjingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Clinical human serum samples were provided by Capital Normal University Hospital (Beijing, China). All other reagents were used as received. Deionized-distilled water was purified by Olst ultrapure K8 apparatus (Olst, Ltd., resistivity > 18 MΩ cm).
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7

Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Gelatin-Chitosan Composite

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Gelatin (G), chitosan (C), 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ) and glutaraldehyde were purchased from Aladdin Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Other reagents and materials such as acetic acid, ethanol, formaldehyde (30%, w/v), HCl, NaOH, Cu(NO 3 ) 2 Á3H 2 O, CdCl 2 Á2.5H 2 O, HgCl 2 , Pb(NO 3 ) 2 were supplied by the Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All the reagents and materials were of at least analytical pure grade. Deionized ultrapure water with the specific resistance of 18.2 MX cm was purified by Pall cascada TM lab water purification system (Pall Corp., USA) for all aqueous solution preparation throughout this work.
Lake, river and sea water samples were collected in a Teflon bottle from Sanyuan Lake located in the schoolyard of Yantai University, Guangdang River located in Laishan District and Huanghai Sea located outside the east door of Yantai University, respectively. All the water samples were stored at 4 °C in a refrigerator for use, after filtrated through 0.45 lm membrane (Tianjin Jinteng Experiment Equipment Ltd., Co., Tianjin, China). Herein, real water samples were collected and filterred in accordance with the standardization process of GB 37378.3-2007 ''Marine Monitoring Regulations", Part 3, ''Sample Collection, Storage and Transportation". The filtration procedure aimed to remove possible microorganisms, silt soil and sand grain.
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8

Preparation and Characterization of Metal-Sensing DNA Probes

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Cu(NO3)2, Na2HPO4, sodium ascorbate, boric acid, 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, NaCl, and MgCl2 were bought from Sinopharm Group Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). HCl was bought from Hengyang Kaixin Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Hengyang, China). SYBR Green I and DNA Marker were bought from Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). λ-Exo was obtained from New England Biolabs. Ltd. (Beijing, China). UO2(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, HgCl2, AgNO3, CrCl3, AlCl3, FeCl3, and KCl were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All the conventional chemical reagents were of analytical grade. The DNA oligonucleotides used were ordered from Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) (Table S1).
The types of buffers used were as follows: buffer A (50 mM Na2HPO4 and 500 mM NaCl; pH 7.6), buffer B (50 mM Na2HPO4 and 50 mM NaCl; pH 7.6), buffer C (25 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM NaCl, 2 mM MgCl2, and 1 mM DTT; pH 9.4), and buffer D (50 mM Na2HPO4 and 1 mM EDTA; pH 7.6). Among these, buffer A was employed as the DNA stock solution (10.0 μmol·L−1) of oligonucleotides, while the others were used as DNA reaction buffers. The solvent in each step was deionized water (DI water, 18 MΩ·cm) from a Milli-Q water purification system.
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9

Synthesis and Characterization of S,N-Doped Carbon Dots

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Bean and onion were purchased
from the local market. Na2CO3, HgCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4, CuCl2, AgNO3, MgCl2, AlCl3, Pb(NO3)2, CrCl3, CdCl2, CoCl2, ZnCl2, and KCl were received from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company.
Fetal bovine serum (FBS, 10%) was received from Shanghai Life iLab
Biotechnology Co., Ltd. cck-8 was received from Dojindo Molecular
Technologies, Inc., Shanghai. LysoTracker Deep Red (635 nm excitation)
and Cell Mask Orange plasma membrane stain (561 nm excitation) were
received from Thermo Fisher.
UV-3600 double beam ultraviolet
spectrophotometry (Shimadzu, Japan) was employed for absorbance spectra
detection. The morphology and lattice of the S,N/CDs were recorded
by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-2100F). FT-IR spectrometer
(Thermo Nicolet Corporation) and ESCALAB 250 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer
were employed for functional groups and elemental analysis. All of
the fluorescence analyses were performed on F-7000 Spectrofluorometer
(Hitachi). X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra was obtained using Rigaku
MiniFlex 600 with a Cu Kα radiation source. The optical density
(OD) of each well at 450 nm was recorded on a Microplate Reader (Molecular
Devices, SpectraMax iD3). Laser scanning confocal microscope (Olympus,
FV3000, Japan) was used for relative cell imaging.
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10

Functional Nanomaterial-enhanced Ultrafiltration Membranes

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Polyethersulfone (PES) capillary ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with three channels (pure water permeability 161 L m−2 h−1 bar−1) were self-made and used as the substrate. Piperazine (PIP, GR) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Trimesoyl chloride (TMC, ≥98%) was purchased from Qingdao Benzo Chemical Co., China. Carboxyl-functionalized MWCNTs (purity > 95 wt%, –COOH content 3.86%, and outer diameter < 8 nm) were purchased from Shenzhen Nanotech Port Co. Ltd. Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM, G4, Mw = 14 215 g mol−1, diameter = 4.4 nm) were provided by Weihai CY Dendrimer Technology Co., Ltd, China. N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC HCl) were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Company (Shanghai, China) and used directly. Hexane, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, sucrose, PEG 400, PEG 600, HCl (33.6–38.6%), HNO3 (65%), and salts including Na2SO4, MgSO4, MgCl2, NaCl, Fe2(SO4)3, FeCl3, CuCl2, CuSO4, Cu(NO3), and Pb(NO3)2 were of analytical grade and provided from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (China).
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