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Alendronate sodium trihydrate

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Alendronate sodium trihydrate is a white, crystalline powder that is used as a pharmaceutical ingredient. It is a bisphosphonate compound with the chemical formula C4H12NNaO7P2·3H2O. The primary function of alendronate sodium trihydrate is to serve as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in the formulation of various medications, particularly those used for the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone-related conditions.

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Lab products found in correlation

Cacl2, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Milli q water, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Ifn γ elisa kit, by Abcam (1 mentions) Ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Corning (1 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Corning (1 mentions) Trypsin edta, by Cytiva (1 mentions) Propidium iodide, by Dojindo Laboratories (1 mentions) Mccoy s 5a medium, by Cytiva (1 mentions) Lymphocyte serum free medium, by Corning (1 mentions) Human tnf α, by Abcam (1 mentions) Calcein am, by Dojindo Laboratories (1 mentions) Xenolight d luciferin potassium salt, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Rpmi 1640, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Annexin 5 fitc, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Polyvinyl alcohol (pva), by Merck Group (1 mentions) 7 aad, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) 1 2 distearoyl sn glycero 3 phosphoethanol amine n carboxy polyethyleneglycol 2000, by Avanti Polar Lipids (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Alendronate (33 citations) Alendronate sodium (11 citations)

15 protocols using alendronate sodium trihydrate

1

Alendronate-Conjugated DSPE-PEG Synthesis

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First, 23 mg of DSPE-PEG (2000)-carboxylic acid (1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[carboxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000]ammonium salt(Avanti lipids polar, Inc., USA, Cat Number 880125P) was dissolved in 5 mL of acetone. Next, 4.2 mg N,N-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 2.4 mg N-hydroxy succinimide (NHS) were added for activation overnight at RT. Syringe assisted removal of insoluble by-product (Dicyclohexylurea ) was carried out. Following this drying of lipids was carried out for 2 h through nitrogen. For alendronate tagging, activated lipid and 2 mg alendronate sodium trihydrate (Ald, A-4978, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) were dissolved in a mixture of DMSO and water for 24 h. This was followed by 24 h dialysis against water and subsequent drying under nitrogen.
Garhyan J., Mohan S., Rajendran V, & Bhatnagar R. (2020). Preclinical Evidence of Nanomedicine Formulation to Target Mycobacterium tuberculosis at Its Bone Marrow Niche. Pathogens, 9(5), 372.
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2

Alendronate Immersion Toxicity Assessment

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Alendronate sodium trihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, A4978) was dissolved in fish medium at concentrations of 25-500 µg/ml. Fish were treated by immersion in the drug solution for the indicated treatment times. For recovery, fish were returned to a tank of fresh water. Treated fish were kept in separate tanks, under standard husbandry conditions, with feeding and water changes performed as normal.
Tomecka M.J., Ethiraj L.P., Sánchez L.M., Roehl H.H, & Carney T.J. (2019). Clinical pathologies of bone fracture modelled in zebrafish. Disease Models & Mechanisms, 12(9), dmm037630.
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3

Optimizing Immunomodulatory Nanomedicine

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Alendronate sodium trihydrate, CaCl2, ethanol, and NaOH were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. All chemical reagents were analytically pure and used without further purification. Fetal bovine serum (FBS), phosphate‐buffered saline, and lymphocyte serum‐free medium were purchased from Corning. McCoy's 5A medium, penicillin‐streptomycin (100×), and 0.25% Trypsin‐EDTA were purchased from Cytiva. Calcein‐AM and propidium iodide (PI) were purchased from Dojindo. Human TNF‐α and IFN‐γ ELISA kits were purchased from Abcam. Firefly luciferase substrate XenoLight D‐luciferin potassium salt was purchased from PerkinElmer. Female BALB/c mice (5 weeks), nude mice (5 weeks), and NOD/SCID mice (5 weeks) were purchased from Beijing Vital River Laboratory Animal Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). All mice were maintained under specific pathogen‐free conditions. Animal care and experiments were carried out under institutional and National Institutes of Health protocol and guidelines. Animal work described in this manuscript has been approved and conducted under the oversight of the Animal Care and Use Committee of Sun Yat‐sen University (SYSU‐IACUC‐2021‐B0815).
Chen G., Zeng L., Bi B., Huang X., Qiu M., Chen P., Chen Z., He Y., Pan Y., Chen Y, & Zhao J. (2023). Engineering Bifunctional Calcium Alendronate Gene‐Delivery Nanoneedle for Synergistic Chemo/Immuno‐Therapy Against HER2 Positive Ovarian Cancer. Advanced Science, 10(14), 2204654.
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4

Inhibition of Opossum Pup MC Breakdown

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Opossum pups housed at were treated with the bone resorption inhibitor Alendronate Sodium Trihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich). Alendronate was administered by intraperitoneal injection on postnatal day 16 (20µl of 10mg/ml solution in H20), approximately 4 days before the onset of MC breakdown in opossum (n=3. Control pups from the same litter received injections of 20ul (n=3). Pups were then killed and heads collected for analysis on day 22, after the normal stage of MC breakdown. Dosage of alendronate was based on that administer by viteline vein injection to chick embryos by Ealba et al 36 (link), and adjusted to compensate for both the reduction in efficacy due to I.P. injections compared to intravenous, and for the differences in size between chick embryos and the mammalian pups.
Anthwal N., Urban D.J., Luo Z.X., Sears K.E, & Tucker A.S. (2017). Meckel's cartilage breakdown offers clues to mammalian middle ear evolution. Nature ecology & evolution, 1, 0093.
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5

Nanoparticle Formulation for Cell Studies

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DAC and ATO were purchased from LC laboratories (Boston, MS, USA). RPMI 1640 and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA, USA). FITC-AnnexinV and 7-AAD were ordered from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide)- cholesterol (5050) (inherent viscosity: 0.59 dL/g, average Mn: 38 kDa) was purchased from PolySciTech (West Lafayette, USA). Alendronate sodium trihydrate, polyvinyl alcohol and primer were ordered from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 1, 2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[carboxy (polyethylene glycol)-2000] was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, Inc. (Alabaster, AL, USA).
Wu X., Hu Z., Nizzero S., Zhang G., Ramirez M.R., Shi C., Zhou J., Ferrari M, & Shen H. (2017). Bone-targeting nanoparticle to co-deliver decitabine and arsenic trioxide for effective therapy of myelodysplastic syndrome with low systemic toxicity. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 268, 92-101.
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6

Alendronate Effects on Mice Injury

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Sixty mice were treated with subcutaneous injection of alendronate sodium trihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) twice weekly (1 injection every 3 to 4 days), starting immediately after injury and lasting until sacrifice at 7, 14 or 56 days. ALN-L mice (n = 30) received doses of 40 μg/kg/dose, while ALN-H mice (n = 30) received doses of 1,000 μg/kg/dose. The low-dose and high-dose treatments were chosen to represent the high and low range of effective doses from previous studies [10 (link),19 (link)]. VEH mice (n = 30) were injected twice weekly with a vehicle solution (PBS).
Khorasani M.S., Diko S., Hsia A.W., Anderson M.J., Genetos D.C., Haudenschild D.R, & Christiansen B.A. (2015). Effect of alendronate on post-traumatic osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament rupture in mice. Arthritis Research & Therapy, 17(1), 30.
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7

Alendronate Sodium Trihydrate Effects on Murine Craniofacial Development

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CD1 mice housed at KCL were treated with the bone resorption inhibitor Alendronate Sodium Trihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich). Alendronate was administered by intraperitoneal injection on postnatal day 0 (n=3, 10µl of 10mg/ml solution). Control pups from the same litter received injections of 10µl water (n=3). Pups were then culled and heads collected for analysis on day 3, after the normal stage of MC breakdown. Dosage was chosen using the same criteria as opossum pups (see above).
Anthwal N., Urban D.J., Luo Z.X., Sears K.E, & Tucker A.S. (2017). Meckel's cartilage breakdown offers clues to mammalian middle ear evolution. Nature ecology & evolution, 1, 0093.
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8

Chmp5 Knockout Mice Skeletal Analysis

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PBS, 2.5 mg/kg alendronate sodium trihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich), 100 µg/kg zolendronic acid monohydrate (Sigma-Aldrich), or rat 3 mg/kg OPG–Fc (Amgen Inc.) was intraperitoneally injected weekly to Chmp5fl/fl and Chmp5Ctsk male mice from 2–5 wk of age, and the mice were all sacrificed at 6 wk of age and used for skeletal analysis.
Greenblatt M.B., Park K.H., Oh H., Kim J.M., Shin D.Y., Lee J.M., Lee J.W., Singh A., Lee K.Y., Hu D., Xiao C., Charles J.F., Penninger J.M., Lotinun S., Baron R., Ghosh S, & Shim J.H. (2015). CHMP5 controls bone turnover rates by dampening NF-κB activity in osteoclasts. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 212(8), 1283-1301.
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9

Multimodal Nanoplatform for Cancer Theranostics

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CaCl2, MnCl4•4H2O, FeCl3•6H2O, alendronate sodium trihydrate, deferasirox (DFX), ethanol, and NaOH were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. 6‐FAM SE (Ex/Em = 495/519 nm) was bought from Fanbo Biochemicals Co., Ltd. DiR Iodide (DiIC18(7), Ex/Em = 748/780 nm) was bought from Yeasen Biological Technology Co., Ltd. All chemical reagents were analytically pure and used without further purification. Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK8 kit) and calcein acetoxymethyl ester (Calcein‐AM) were bought from MCE (MedChemExpress, Shanghai). Fluo‐3 AM ester was bought from US Everbright Inc. AO/EB assay kit and Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Detection Kit (JC‐1) were bought from LEAGENE. Antibodies against TFR1 and p53 were purchased from Abclonal. Human ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 and Human Gastric Carcinoma Cell Line MGC803, human pancreatic tumor cell PSN1, human osteosarcoma cell line MG63, human breast cancer cell SKBR3, and human bladder cancer cell MGH‐U3 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Female nude mice (5–6 weeks) were bought from Guangdong Province Animal Center, China.
Zhao J., Huang X., Liu P., Qiu M., Li B., Wen Y., Li Y., Wang Q., Wu M., Chen Y, & Pan Y. (2022). Engineering Alendronate‐Composed Iron Nanochelator for Efficient Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Treatment. Advanced Science, 9(30), 2203031.
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10

Rat Bone Remodeling via PTH and Alendronate

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A total of 30 3-month-old, female, Sprague Dawley rats (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA) were purchased and assigned to vehicle (Veh, n=6), PTH (n=9), alendronate (ALN, n=6), and combined PTH and ALN (PTH+ALN, n=9) treatment groups. Starting from day 0, the Veh group received daily subcutaneous saline injections and the PTH group received daily subcutaneous injections of human recombinant parathyroid hormone 1–34 (PTH 1–34, 60μg/kg/day, Bachem, Bubendorf, Switzerland) for 12 days. This dose was determined based on previous work on older and younger rat models [28 (link), 29 (link)]. The ALN group received injections of 50 μg/kg alendronate sodium trihydrate (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) every 3 days with the first injection given 3 days prior to day 0. The PTH+ALN group received the both treatments that were given to the PTH and ALN groups. All rats were injected subcutaneously with 15 mg/kg calcein (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) at days 3 and 10 for dynamic histomorphometric measurements. All experiments were approved by the University of Pennsylvania's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
Altman A.R., Tseng W.J., de Bakker C.M., Huh B.K., Chandra A., Qin L, & Liu X.S. (2014). A Closer Look at the Immediate Trabeculae Response to Combined Parathyroid Hormone and Alendronate Treatment. Bone, 61, 149-157.
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